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Ohio

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State of Ohio
Flag of Ohio State seal of Ohio
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): The Buckeye State; The Mother of Presidents;
Birthplace of Aviation; The Heart of It All
Motto(s): With God, all things are possible
Map of the United States with Ohio highlighted
Official language(s) None. (English, de facto)
Demonym Ohioan; Buckeye[1] (colloq.)
Capital
(and largest city)		 Columbus
Largest metro area Greater Cleveland or
Greater Cincinnati

(see footnote[2])

Area  Ranked 34th in the U.S.
 - Total 44,825 sq mi
(116,096 km2)
 - Width 220 miles (355 km)
 - Length 220 miles (355 km)
 - % water 8.7
 - Latitude 38° 24′ N to 41° 59′ N
 - Longitude 80° 31′ W to 84° 49′ W
Population  Ranked 7th[3] in the U.S.
 - Total 11,536,504 (2010 census)[4]
- Density 256.2/sq mi  (98.9/km2)
Ranked 9th in the U.S.
Elevation  
 - Highest point Campbell Hill[5][6]
1,549 ft (472 m)
 - Mean 850 ft  (260 m)
 - Lowest point Ohio River at Indiana border[5][6]
455 ft (139 m)
Admission to Union  March 1, 1803[7] (17th,
declared retroactively on
August 7, 1953[8])
Governor John Kasich
Lieutenant Governor Mary Taylor[9] (R)[10]
Legislature General Assembly
 - Upper house Senate
 - Lower house House of Representatives
U.S. Senators Sherrod Brown[11] (D)[11]
Rob Portman (R)
U.S. House delegation 13 Republicans, 5 Democrats (list)
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Abbreviations OH[12] US-OH
Website www.ohio.gov

Ohio Listeni/oʊˈhaɪ.oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the United States.[13] The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,[14] it is the 7th‑most populous with nearly 11.5 million residents,[15] containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more. The state's capital is Columbus. The Anglicized name "Ohio" comes from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning "great river".[16][17][18][19][20] The state, originally partitioned from the Northwest Territory, was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.[7][21] Although there are conflicting narratives regarding the origin of the nickname, Ohio is historically known as the "Buckeye State" (relating to the Ohio buckeye tree) and Ohioans are also known as "Buckeyes".[1]

The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the Supreme Court. Currently, Ohio occupies 18 seats in the United States House of Representatives.[22] Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state[23] and a bellwether[23] in national elections.

Sports[]

Professional sports[]

Ohio is home to major professional sports teams in baseball, basketball, football, hockey, and soccer. The state's major professional sporting teams include: Cincinnati Reds (Major League Baseball),[24] Cleveland Indians (Major League Baseball),[25] Cincinnati Bengals (National Football League),[26] Cleveland Browns (National Football League),[26] Cleveland Cavaliers (National Basketball Association),[27] Columbus Blue Jackets (National Hockey League),[28] and the Columbus Crew (Major League Soccer).[29] Baseball's first fully professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869, were organized in Ohio.[30]

On a smaller scale, Ohio hosts minor league baseball, arena football, indoor football, mid-level hockey, and lower division soccer. The minor league baseball teams include: Akron Aeros (affiliated with the Cleveland Indians), Chillicothe Paints (independent), Columbus Clippers (affiliated with the Cleveland Indians), Dayton Dragons (affiliated with the Cincinnati Reds), Lake County Captains[31] (affiliated with the Cleveland Indians), Mahoning Valley Scrappers[32] (affiliated with the Cleveland Indians), and Toledo Mud Hens[33] (affiliated with the Detroit Tigers).

Ohio's minor professional football teams include: Canton Legends (American Indoor Football Association), Cincinnati Marshals (National Indoor Football League), Cincinnati Sizzle (National Women's Football Association), Cleveland Fusion (National Women's Football Association), Cleveland Gladiators (Arena Football League), Columbus Comets (National Women's Football Association), Columbus Destroyers (Arena Football League), Mahoning Valley Thunder (af2), Marion Mayhem (Continental Indoor Football League), and Miami Valley Silverbacks (Continental Indoor Football League).

Ohio's alternative professional hockey teams include: Cincinnati Cyclones (ECHL), Dayton Bombers (ECHL), Lake Erie Monsters (American Hockey League), Dayton Gems (Central Hockey League), Mahoning Valley Phantoms (North American Hockey League), Toledo Walleye (ECHL), and Youngstown Steelhounds (Central Hockey League).

In lower division professional soccer, Ohio accommodates the Cincinnati Kings and Cleveland City Stars, both of the United Soccer League and the Dayton Dutch Lions of the USL Premier Development League.

Ohio is also home to the Akron Racers, a minor professional softball club, of National Pro Fastpitch.

Former major league teams:

  • Akron Pros (NFL) (1920–1925)
  • Canton Bulldogs (NFL) (1920–1923 and 1925–1926)
  • Portsmouth Spartans (NFL) (1930–1933)
  • Cincinnati Red Stockings (NL)(1876–1880)
  • Cleveland Blues (NL) (1879–1884)
  • Cleveland Spiders (AA-NL) (1887–1899)
  • Cleveland Rams (NFL) (1936–1945)
  • Cleveland Rebels (BAA) (1946–1947)
  • Cincinnati Royals (NBA) (1957–1972)
  • Cleveland Barons (NHL) (1976–1978)
  • Cleveland Crusaders (WHA)(1972–1976)
  • Cincinnati Stingers (WHA) (1975–1979).
  • Dayton Triangles (NFL) (1920–1929)
  • Cleveland Rockers (WNBA) (1997–2003)

College football[]

Ohio has eight NCAA Division I-A college football teams, divided among three different conferences. It has also experienced considerable success in the secondary and tertiary tiers of college football divisions.

In Division I-A, representing the Big Ten, the Ohio State Buckeyes football team ranks 5th among all-time winningest programs, with seven national championships and seven Heisman Trophy winners. Their rivals are the Michigan Wolverines. They typically play each other in their last game of the regular season. As of December 2010 the Buckeyes have won the last seven matchups.[34]

Ohio has six teams represented in the MAC conference: the University of Akron, Bowling Green, Kent State, Miami University, Ohio University and the University of Toledo. The MAC Conference headquarters are based in Cleveland.

The University of Cincinnati Bearcats represent Ohio in the Big East Conference.

Division I-AA Youngstown State is a perennial power in the Missouri Valley Football Conference, having won four FBS National Championships under (now OSU Head Coach) Jim Tressel.

Division III Mount Union College boasts a record-setting ten National Championships and also hold the record for 110 consecutive game winning streak from 1994 until 2005. They have won two of the last three D-III National Championship games.

Notes[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Why is Ohio known as the Buckeye State and why are Ohioans known as Buckeyes?" (PDF). http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Portals/18/education/pdf/buckeyestate.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
  2. ↑ According to the U.S. Census July 2007 Annual Estimate, Greater Cleveland is the largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSMA) that is entirely within Ohio, with a population of 2,096,471; and Greater Cincinnati is the largest MSMA that is at least partially within Ohio, with a a population of 2,133,678, approximately 25% of which is in Indiana or Kentucky. Which MSMA is the largest in Ohio depends on the context.
  3. ↑ "Resident Population -- JULY 2005". United States Census Bureau. 2009-07. http://www.census.gov/statab/ranks/rank01.html. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
  4. ↑ "2010 Census Data". United States Census Bureau. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/. Retrieved 2010-12-22.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Stockwell, Mary (2006). "ohio"+"march+17+1803"#PPA88,M1 The Ohio Adventure. Layton, UT: Gibbs Smith. p. 88. ISBN 1-58685-361-9. http://books.google.com/?id=VJKroULBUpgC&printsec=copyright&dq="ohio"+"march+17+1803"#PPA88,M1.
  8. ↑ "Creation of the Board of Elections". Mahoning County Board of Elections. http://www.mahoningcountyoh.gov/DepartmentsAgencies/Departments/BoardofElections/CreationofBOE/tabid/821/Default.aspx. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  9. ↑ "About Lee". Office of the Governor. 2009. http://www.governor.ohio.gov/AboutUs/AboutLee/tabid/57/Default.aspx. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  10. ↑ "Democrats Jennifer Brunner, Lee Fisher to run for U.S. Senate". Associated Press. 2009-02-17. http://www.cantonrep.com/archive/x1802686467/Democrats-Jennifer-Brunner-Lee-Fisher-to-run-for-U-S-Senate. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Sherrod Brown". Washington Post. http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/b000944/. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
  12. ↑ "Official USPS Abbreviations". United States Postal Service. 1998. http://www.usps.com/ncsc/lookups/usps_abbreviations.html. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  13. ↑ "Census Regions of the United States" (PDF). http://www.census.gov/const/regionmap.pdf. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
  14. ↑ "U.S. States: Area and Ranking". Enchanted Learning. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/usa/states/area.shtml. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  15. ↑ "Resident Population". United States Census Bureau. 2005-12-22. http://www.census.gov/statab/ranks/rank01.html. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  16. ↑ "Quick Facts About the State of Ohio". Ohio History Central. http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohio_quick_facts.php. Retrieved 2010-07-02.
  17. ↑ Mithun (1999), p. 312
  18. ↑ "Native Ohio". American Indian Studies. Ohio State University. Archived from the original on 2007-02-02. http://web.archive.org/web/20070202230727/http://americanindianstudies.osu.edu/ohio.cfm. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
  19. ↑ "About". Salamanca Cigarette Outlet. http://salamancaoutlet.com/?page=shop/about. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
  20. ↑ Harvey, Christopher. "Seneca". Languagegeek. http://www.languagegeek.com/rotinonhsonni/seneca.html. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
  21. ↑ Davidson, William M. (1902). A History of the United States. Chicago, IL: Scott, Foresman and Company. p. 265. ISBN 1429752394. http://books.google.com/?id=G24AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA265&lpg=PA265&dq=ohio+admitted+to+the+union.
  22. ↑ Berg-Andersson, Richard E. (2000). "The Math Behind the 2000 Census Apportionment of Representatives". The Green Papers. http://www.thegreenpapers.com/Census00/ApportionMath.html. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Pollard, Kelvin (2008). "Swing, Bellwether, and Red and Blue States". Population Reference Bureau. http://www.prb.org/Articles/2008/electiondemographics.aspx. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
  24. ↑ "The Official Site of the Cincinnati Reds". Major League Baseball. http://cincinnati.reds.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=cin. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  25. ↑ "The Official Site of the Cleveland Indians". Major League Baseball. http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=cle. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "NFL Teams". National Football League. http://www.nfl.com/teams. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  27. ↑ "NBA.com Team Index". National Basketball Association. http://www.nba.com/teams/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  28. ↑ "NHL Teams". National Hockey League. http://www.nhl.com/ice/teams.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  29. ↑ "Major League Soccer Teams". Major League Soccer. http://www.mlsnet.com/teams/. Retrieved 2009-03-28.[dead link]
  30. ↑ Griffith, Grant (2007). "Legend of the Cincinnati Red Stockings". Cincinnati Vintage Base Ball Club. http://www.1869reds.com/history/. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  31. ↑ "Lake County Captains". Minor League Baseball. http://lakecounty.captains.milb.com/index.jsp?sid=t437. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  32. ↑ "Mahoning Valley Scrappers". Minor League Baseball. http://web.minorleaguebaseball.com/index.jsp?sid=t545. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  33. ↑ "The Toledo Mud Hens". Toledo Mud Hens. http://www.mudhens.com/. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  34. ↑ "Michigan Wolverines vs. Ohio State Buckeyes - Recap". ESPN. November 27, 2010. http://scores.espn.go.com/ncf/recap?gameId=303310194. Retrieved 2010-12-02.
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