List of Virginia Tech Hokies head football coaches

Frank Beamer, 33rd head coach of the Virginia Tech Hokies.

The Virginia Tech Hokies college football team represents Virginia Tech in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The program has had 33 head coaches, and 1 interim head coach, since it began play during the 1892 season.^[1] Frank Beamer has served as Virginia Tech's head coach since December 1986. He is currently the winningest active coach and longest tenured coach in Division I FBS.^[2]

The team has played more than 1,150 games over 118 seasons. In that time, four coaches have led the Hokies in postseason bowl games: James Kitts, Jerry Claiborne, Bill Dooley, and Beamer. Two of those coaches also won conference championships: Claiborne won as a member of the Southern Conference in 1963 and Beamer won seven, three in the Big East Conference and four in the ACC.

Beamer is the leader in seasons coached and games won, with 216 victories during his 25 years with the program. A. B. Morrison, Jr. has the highest winning percentage of those who have coached more than one game, with .857. Robert McNeish has the lowest winning percentage of those who have coached more than one game, with .086. Of the 33 different head coaches who have led the Hokies, Andy Gustafson and Claiborne have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in South Bend, Indiana.

Key[]

General
#	Number of coaches^{[A 1]}
CCs	Conference championships^{[A 2]}
†	Elected to the College Football Hall of Fame

Overall games
GC	Games coached
OW	Wins
OL	Losses
OT	Ties^{[A 3]}
O%	Winning percentage^{[A 4]}

Conference games
CW	Wins
CL	Losses
CT	Ties
C%	Winning percentage

Postseason games^{[A 5]}
PW	Wins
PL	Losses
PT	Ties

Coaches[]

List of head football coaches showing season(s) coached, overall records, conference records, postseason records, championships and selected awards^{[A 6]}
#	Name	Season(s)^{[A 7]}	GC	OW	OL	OT	O%	CW	CL	CT	C%	PW	PL	PT	DC^{[A 8]}	CC	NC	Awards
1	Smyth, E. A.E. A. Smyth	1892–1893	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000250000.250	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
2	Massie, JosephJoseph Massie	1894	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000800000.800	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
3	Jones, Art C.Art C. Jones	1895–1896	&000000000000001400000014	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000679000.679	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
4	Firth, CharlesCharles Firth	1897	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000714000.714	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
5	Ingles, J. LewisJ. Lewis Ingles	1898	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000600000.600	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
6	Morrison, JamesJames Morrison	1899	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000800000.800	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
7	Davis, EugeneEugene Davis	1900	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000500000.500	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
8	Morrison, Jr., A. B.A. B. Morrison, Jr.	1901	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000857000.857	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
9	Brown, R. R.R. R. Brown	1902	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000583000.583	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
10	Lueder, Charles AugustusCharles Augustus Lueder	1903	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000833000.833	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
11	O'Connor, John C.John C. O'Connor	1904	&00000000000000080000008	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000625000.625	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
12	Miles, SallySally Miles	1905–1906	&000000000000001900000019	&000000000000001400000014	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000737000.737	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
13	Williams, C. R.C. R. Williams	1907	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000778000.778	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
14	Brown, R. M.R. M. Brown	1908	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000556000.556	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
15	Bocock, BranchBranch Bocock	1909–1910, 1912–1915	&000000000000005000000050	&000000000000003400000034	&000000000000001400000014	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000680000.680	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
16	Riess, L. W.L. W. Riess	1911	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000778000.778	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
17	Ingersoll, Jack E.Jack E. Ingersoll	1916	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000778000.778	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
18	Bernier, Charles A.Charles A. Bernier	1917–1919	&000000000000002500000025	&000000000000001800000018	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000740000.740	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
19	Sutton, StanleyStanley Sutton	1920	&000000000000001000000010	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000400000.400	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
20	Cubbage, B. C.B. C. Cubbage	1921–1925	&000000000000004800000048	&000000000000003000000030	&000000000000001200000012	&00000000000000060000006	&0000000000000000688000.688	&000000000000001300000013	&00000000000000080000008	&00000000000000040000004	&0000000000000000560000.560	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
21	Gustafson, AndyAndy Gustafson	1926–1929	&000000000000003600000036	&000000000000002200000022	&000000000000001300000013	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000625000.625	&000000000000001100000011	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000548000.548	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
22	Neale, OrvilleOrville Neale	1930–1931	&000000000000001800000018	&00000000000000080000008	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000030000003	&0000000000000000528000.528	&00000000000000030000003	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000333000.333	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
23	Redd, HenryHenry Redd	1932–1940	&000000000000008800000088	&000000000000004300000043	&000000000000003700000037	&00000000000000080000008	&0000000000000000534000.534	&000000000000002500000025	&000000000000002700000027	&00000000000000070000007	&0000000000000000483000.483	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
24	Kitts, JamesJames Kitts	1941, 1946–1947	&000000000000002900000029	&000000000000001300000013	&000000000000001300000013	&00000000000000030000003	&0000000000000000500000.500	&000000000000001100000011	&00000000000000080000008	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000571000.571	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
25	Tilson, Sumner D.Sumner D. Tilson	1942	&000000000000001000000010	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000020000002	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000750000.750	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000833000.833	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
26	McEver, HerbertHerbert McEver	1942, 1945	&000000000000001800000018	&00000000000000090000009	&00000000000000080000008	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000528000.528	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000060000006	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000538000.538	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
27	McNeish, RobertRobert McNeish	1948–1950	&000000000000002500000025	&00000000000000010000001	&000000000000002100000021	&00000000000000030000003	&0000000000000000100000.100	&00000000000000010000001	&000000000000001500000015	&00000000000000030000003	&0000000000000000132000.132	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
Int	Learned, AllanAllan Learned	1950	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000000000.000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000040000004	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000000000.000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
28	Moseley, FrankFrank Moseley	1951–1960	&0000000000000100000000100	&000000000000005400000054	&000000000000004200000042	&00000000000000040000004	&0000000000000000560000.560	&000000000000002700000027	&000000000000002200000022	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000549000.549	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
29	Claiborne, JerryJerry Claiborne	1961–1970	&0000000000000102000000102	&000000000000006100000061	&000000000000003900000039	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000608000.608	&000000000000001200000012^{[A 9]}	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000632000.632	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
30	Coffey, CharlieCharlie Coffey	1971–1973	&000000000000003300000033	&000000000000001200000012	&000000000000002000000020	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000379000.379	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
31	Sharpe, JimmyJimmy Sharpe	1974–1977	&000000000000004400000044	&000000000000002100000021	&000000000000002200000022	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000489000.489	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
32	Dooley, BillBill Dooley	1978–1986	&0000000000000102000000102	&000000000000006400000064^{[A 10]}	&000000000000003700000037	&00000000000000010000001	&0000000000000000632000.632	&09999999999999998999999—^{[A 11]}	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000010000001	&00000000000000020000002	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000000000000	&09999999999999998999999—
33	Beamer, FrankFrank Beamer	1987–present	&0000000000000322000000322	&0000000000000216000000216	&0000000000000104000000104	&00000000000000020000002	&0000000000000000674000.674	&0000000000000114000000114	&000000000000004100000041	&00000000000000000000000	&0000000000000000549000.549	&00000000000000090000009	&000000000000001100000011	&09999999999999998999999—	&00000000000000050000005	&00000000000000070000007	&00000000000000000000000	AFCA Coach of the Year (1999) AP Coach of the Year (1999) Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year (1999) Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year (1999) George Munger Award (1999) Paul "Bear" Bryant Award (1999) Walter Camp Coach of the Year (1999) Joseph V. Paterno Award (2010) Big East Coach of the Year (1995–1996, 1999) ACC Coach of the Year (2004–2005)^{[A 12]}

Notes[]

↑ A running total of the number of head coaches, with coaches who served separate tenures being counted only once. Interim head coaches are represented with "Int" and are not counted in the running total. "—" indicates the team played but either without a coach or no coach is on record. "X" indicates an interim year without play.
↑ Virginia Tech did not join a conference until 1920, and was not a member of a conference from 1965 to 1990.
↑ Overtime rules in college football were introduced in 1996, making ties impossible in the period since.^[3]
↑ When computing the win–loss percentage, a tie counts as half a win and half a loss.^[4]
↑ Although the first Rose Bowl Game was played in 1902, it has been continuously played since the 1916 game, and is recognized as the oldest bowl game by the NCAA. "—" indicates any season prior to 1916 when postseason games were not played.^[5]
↑ Statistics correct as of the end of the 2012 college football season.
↑ Virginia Tech did not field teams in 1943 and 1944 due to World War II.
↑ Divisional champions have advanced to the ACC Championship Game since the institution of divisional play beginning in the 2005 season. Since that time, Virginia Tech has competed as a member of the Coastal division.
↑ Virginia Tech left the Southern Conference in 1965 for various financial and structural reasons. Virginia Tech wanted to schedule more large schools but was prevented from doing so by the Southern Conference schedule. In addition, The Hokies hoped to join the Atlantic Coast Conference.
↑ Includes a forfeit by Temple University during the 1986 season. Temple forfeited game because of an ineligible player.
↑ In 1978, Virginia Tech joined the Metro Conference in all sports except football.^[6]
↑ The ACC Coach of the Year is voted by Atlantic Coast Sports Media Association (ACSMA).

References[]

General

"2012 Football Media Guide". Virginia Tech. http://www.hokiesports.com/football/2012MG/fb12mg.pdf. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
"Virginia Tech Coaching Records". College Football Data Warehouse. http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/div_ia/acc/virginia_tech/coaching_records.php. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
Lazenby, Roland. Legends: A Pictoral History of Virginia Tech Football. Taylor, Full Court Press (1986) ISBN 978-0-913767-11-5
Tandler, Rich. Hokie Games: Virginia Tech Football Game by Game 1945-2006. Game by Game Sports Media (September 15, 2007) ISBN 978-0-9723845-2-0

Specific

↑ Virginia Tech 2012 Football Media Guide, p. 141
↑ "Coach Frank Beamer reflects on his place amongst all-time greats". washingtonpost.com. 2010-11-27. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/hokies-journal/2010/11/coach_frank_beamer_reflects_on.html. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
↑ Whiteside, Kelly (August 25, 2006). "Overtime system still excites coaches". USA Today (McLean, Virginia). Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/2006-08-24-overtime_x.htm. Retrieved September 25, 2009.
↑ Finder, Chuck (September 6, 1987). "Big plays help Paterno to 200th". The New York Times (New York City). Archived from the original on October 22, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/06/sports/college-football-big-plays-help-paterno-to-200th.html. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
↑ National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) (2011) (PDF). Bowl/All-Star Game Records. Indianapolis, Indiana: NCAA. pp. 5–10. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/2011/Bowls.pdf. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
↑ Conference Affiliation History Virginia Tech Sports Information Department, Hokiesports.com. Accessed July 10, 2008.

External links[]

Hokiesports.com - Official Virginia Tech Hokies football website

[3] A running total of the number of head coaches, with coaches who served separate tenures being counted only once. Interim head coaches are represented with "Int" and are not counted in the running total. "—" indicates the team played but either without a coach or no coach is on record. "X" indicates an interim year without play.

[4] Virginia Tech did not join a conference until 1920, and was not a member of a conference from 1965 to 1990.

[6] Overtime rules in college football were introduced in 1996, making ties impossible in the period since.^[3]

[8] When computing the win–loss percentage, a tie counts as half a win and half a loss.^[4]

[10] Although the first Rose Bowl Game was played in 1902, it has been continuously played since the 1916 game, and is recognized as the oldest bowl game by the NCAA. "—" indicates any season prior to 1916 when postseason games were not played.^[5]

[11] Statistics correct as of the end of the 2012 college football season.

[12] Virginia Tech did not field teams in 1943 and 1944 due to World War II.

[13] Divisional champions have advanced to the ACC Championship Game since the institution of divisional play beginning in the 2005 season. Since that time, Virginia Tech has competed as a member of the Coastal division.

[14] Virginia Tech left the Southern Conference in 1965 for various financial and structural reasons. Virginia Tech wanted to schedule more large schools but was prevented from doing so by the Southern Conference schedule. In addition, The Hokies hoped to join the Atlantic Coast Conference.

[15] Includes a forfeit by Temple University during the 1986 season. Temple forfeited game because of an ineligible player.

[17] In 1978, Virginia Tech joined the Metro Conference in all sports except football.^[6]

[18] The ACC Coach of the Year is voted by Atlantic Coast Sports Media Association (ACSMA).

[p141-1] Virginia Tech 2012 Football Media Guide, p. 141

[2] "Coach Frank Beamer reflects on his place amongst all-time greats". washingtonpost.com. 2010-11-27. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/hokies-journal/2010/11/coach_frank_beamer_reflects_on.html. Retrieved 2011-10-21.

[Ties-5] Whiteside, Kelly (August 25, 2006). "Overtime system still excites coaches". USA Today (McLean, Virginia). Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/2006-08-24-overtime_x.htm. Retrieved September 25, 2009.

[TieCalc-7] Finder, Chuck (September 6, 1987). "Big plays help Paterno to 200th". The New York Times (New York City). Archived from the original on October 22, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/06/sports/college-football-big-plays-help-paterno-to-200th.html. Retrieved October 22, 2009.

[Bowls-9] National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) (2011) (PDF). Bowl/All-Star Game Records. Indianapolis, Indiana: NCAA. pp. 5–10. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/2011/Bowls.pdf. Retrieved August 21, 2011.

[16] Conference Affiliation History Virginia Tech Sports Information Department, Hokiesports.com. Accessed July 10, 2008.

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