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The following is a list of halftime shows held at the National Football League's championship game, the Super Bowl. While halftime shows are a tradition during football games at all levels of competition, the Super Bowl halftime show represents a fundamental link to pop culture, which helps broaden the television audience and nationwide interest.

In most years since the mid-1980s, the halftime show of the Super Bowl has featured popular recording artists and other well-known celebrities. It has measurably increased television viewers during and after the halftime show.[1] The performance is regarded one of the most-watched events in American television annually with over 100 million viewers in the United States alone. Musical genres over the years have represented a broad range of music types, including pop, rock, classic rock, country, hip hop, rap, blues, and soul. In some years, short skits or drama scenes are acted out on a stage. The performance group Up with People has performed at the most Super Bowl halftime shows, starring in four during the 1970s and 1980s.[2]

According to Nielsen ratings, Super Bowl XLVI halftime show headlined by Madonna in 2012 remains the most-watched halftime show in history, with 114 million viewers or about 3 million more than the actual game.[3][4][5] It is listed on the Guinness World Records as the largest TV audience for a Super Bowl half-time performance.[6]

Background[]

During most of the Super Bowl's first decade, the halftime show featured a college marching band. The show's second decade featured a more varied show, with Up with People producing and starring in four of the performances. The middle of the third decade, in an effort to counter other networks' efforts to counterprogram the game,[7] saw the introduction of popular music acts such as New Kids on the Block, Gloria Estefan, Michael Jackson, Prince, Clint Black, Patti LaBelle, and Tony Bennett. Starting with Super Bowl XXXII, commercial sponsors presented the half-time show; within five years, the tradition of having a theme—begun with Super Bowl III—ended, replaced by major music productions by arena rock bands and other high-profile acts. In the six years immediately following the 2004 halftime show controversy, all of the halftime shows consisted of a performance by one artist or group, with the musicians in that era primarily being rock artists from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The show changed directions beginning with Super Bowl XLV by shifting to contemporary R&B, pop and hip hop artists, also allowing for the return of collaborations.

The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of stagehands, family, and friends.[8] According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure.[9]

History[]

The following is a list of the performers, producers, themes, and sponsors for each Super Bowl game's show.

1960s[]

Super Bowl Show details
I
II
III

1970s[]

Super Bowl Show details
IV
V
VI
  • Date: Jan. 16, 1972
  • Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana)
  • Theme: Salute to Louis Armstrong
  • Performer(s): Ella Fitzgerald, Carol Channing, Al Hirt & USMC Drill Team
  • Producer: Jim Skinner
  • References:[10]
VII
  • Date: Jan. 14, 1973
  • Location: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (University Park, Los Angeles, California)
  • Theme: Happiness Is
  • Performer(s): University of Michigan Marching Band & Woody Herman & Andy Williams
  • Producer: Tommy Walker
  • References:[10]
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
  • Date: Jan. 21, 1979
  • Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
  • Theme: Salute to Caribbean
  • Performer(s): Ken Hamilton, various Caribbean bands
  • Producer: Bob Jani
  • Sponsor: Carnival
  • References:[10]

1980s[]

Super Bowl Show details
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
  • Date: Jan, 30, 1983
  • Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
  • Theme: KaleidoSUPERscope
  • Performer(s): Los Angeles Super Drill Team
  • Producer: Bob Jani
  • References:[10]
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXI
  • Date: Jan. 25, 1987
  • Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
  • Theme: Salute to Hollywood's 100th Anniversary - The World of Make Believe
  • Performer(s): George Burns, Mickey Rooney, Grambling State University Marching Bands, Disney characters, Southern California-area high school drill teams and dancers
  • Producer: The Walt Disney Company
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[21]
    • "Ghost Riders in the Sky"
    • Theme songs from Bonanza, Indiana Jones, and Footloose
    • Hoedown song
    • "Cheek to Cheek"
    • "What a Feeling" (Theme from Flashdance)
    • "That's Entertainment"
    • "Somewhere Over the Rainbow"
    • "When You Wish Upon a Star"
XXII
XXIII
  • Date: Jan. 22, 1989
  • Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
  • Theme: Be Bop Bamboozled in 3-D
  • Performer(s): Elvis Presto, South Florida-area dancers and performers, with 3-D effects
  • Producer: MagicCom Entertainment, Dan Witkowski
  • Sponsor: Diet Coke
  • Setlist:
    • Introduction by Bob Costas and 3-D commercial for Diet Coke
    • audience participation card trick by Elvis Presto
  • References:[10][22][23]

1990s[]

Super Bowl Show details
XXIV
XXV
  • Date: Jan. 27, 1991
  • Location: Tampa Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
  • Theme: Small World Tribute to 25 Years of the Super Bowl
  • Performer(s): New Kids on the Block, Disney characters, Warren Moon, 2,000 local children, audience card stunt
  • Producer: The Walt Disney Company
  • Sponsor: Walt Disney World and Coca-Cola
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[25]
    • "Step by Step" (NKOTB)
    • "This One's For The Children (NKOTB)
    • "It's a Small World After All (children)"
  • Notes: The airing of this halftime show was delayed until after the conclusion of the game due to ABC News coverage of Operation Desert Storm
XXVI
  • Date: Jan. 26, 1992
  • Location: Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
  • Theme: Winter Magic and salute to 1992 Winter Olympics
  • Performer(s): Gloria Estefan with Olympic Figure skaters Brian Boitano & Dorothy Hamill
  • Producer: Timberline Productions
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[26][27]
    • "Walking in a Winter Wonderland"
    • "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy"
    • "One Moment in Time"
    • "Live for Loving You" (Gloria Estefan)
    • "Get on Your Feet" (Gloria Estefan)
  • Notes: During the halftime, rival network Fox aired a special live episode of In Living Color, one of the first deliberate attempts at counter-programming. The show drew over 22 million viewers away from the Super Bowl telecast, and led the league to consider top performers in subsequent years.
XXVII
  • Date: Jan. 31, 1993
  • Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
  • Theme: Heal the World
  • Performer(s): Michael Jackson
  • Producer: Radio City and Don Mischer Productions
  • References:[10][11][28][29]
  • Setlist:
    • "Jam" (M. Jackson)
    • "Billie Jean" (M. Jackson)
    • "Black or White" (M. Jackson)
    • "We Are the World" (children's choir)
    • "Heal the World" (M. Jackson)
  • Notes: This halftime performance increased the TV ratings by a significant amount. It has been claimed to be one of the most watched events in American television history. After 1993, there was a deliberate effort to attract top performers for the halftime shows.
XXVIII
  • Date: Jan. 30, 1994
  • Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia)
  • Theme: Rockin' Country Sunday
  • Performer(s): Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, The Judds
  • Producer: Select Productions
  • References:[10]
XXIX
  • Date: Jan. 29, 1995
  • Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
  • Theme: Indiana Jones and the Temple of the Forbidden Eye
  • Performer(s): Patti Labelle, Indiana Jones & Marion Ravenwood, Teddy Pendergrass, Tony Bennett, Arturo Sandoval, Miami Sound Machine
  • Producer: The Walt Disney Company
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:
    • "Release Yourself"
    • "New Attitude"
    • "Can You Feel The Love Tonight"
XXX
  • Date: Jan. 28, 1996
  • Location: Sun Devil Stadium (Tempe, Arizona)
  • Theme: Take Me Higher: A Celebration of 30 Years of the Super Bowl
  • Performer(s): Diana Ross
  • Producer: Radio City Music Hall
  • Sponsor: Oscar Mayer
  • References:[10][11]
  • Setlist: A medley of the following songs:[30]
    • "Stop In The Name Of Love"
    • "You Keep Me Hangin' On"
    • "Baby Love"
    • "You Can't Hurry Love"
    • "Why Do Fools Fall in Love"
    • "Chain Reaction"
    • "Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)"
    • "Ain't No Mountain High Enough"
    • "I Will Survive"
    • "Take Me Higher"
XXXI
  • Date: Jan. 26, 1997
  • Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
  • Theme: Blues Brothers Bash
  • Performer(s): The Blues Brothers (Dan Aykroyd, John Goodman and James Belushi), ZZ Top, James Brown, Catherine Crier ("news" intro)
  • Producer: Select Productions, Radio City, House of Blues
  • Sponsor: Oscar Mayer
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:
    • "Everybody Needs Somebody to Love," (The Blues Brothers)
    • "Soul Man" (The Blues Brothers)
    • "I Got You (I Feel Good)" (James Brown)
    • Tush (ZZ Top)
    • Legs (ZZ Top)
    • "Gimme Some Lovin'" (all performers joined together)
XXXII
XXXIII
  • Date: Jan. 31, 1999
  • Location: Pro Player Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
  • Theme: Celebration of Soul, Salsa and Swing
  • Performer(s): Chaka Khan, Gloria Estefan, Stevie Wonder, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy, Savion Glover, Kiss
  • Producer: Radio City Music Hall
  • Sponsor: Progressive Auto Insurance
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:
    • "Go Daddy O" (Big Bad VooDoo Daddy)
    • "Sir Duke" (Stevie Wonder)
    • "You Are The Sunshine Of My Life" (Stevie Wonder)
    • "Rhythm Is Gonna Get You" (Gloria Estefan)
    • "Oye" (Gloria Estefan)
    • "Turn The Beat Around" (Gloria Estefan)
    • "Medley: Music Of My Heart/My Cherie Amour" (Gloria Estefan and Stevie Wonder)

2000s[]

Super Bowl Show details
XXXIV
  • Date: Jan. 30, 2000
  • Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia)
  • Theme: Tapestry of Nations
  • Performer(s): Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias, Toni Braxton, 80-person choir, Edward James Olmos (narrator)
  • Producer: Disney
  • Sponsor: E*TRADE
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[32]
    • "Reflections of Earth" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millennium Celebration soundtrack)
    • "Celebrate the Future Hand in Hand" (Christina Aguilera & Enrique Iglesias)
    • "Tapestry of Nations" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millennium Celebration soundtrack)
    • "Two Worlds" (Phil Collins)
    • "We Go On" (Toni Braxton)
XXXV
  • Date: Jan. 28, 2001
  • Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
  • Theme: The Kings of Rock and Pop
  • Performer(s): Ben Stiller, Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly
  • Producer: MTV
  • Sponsor: E*TRADE
  • References:[10][11]
  • Setlist:[33]
    • Pre-recorded intro skit with Stiller, Sandler, Rock, Aerosmith, and 'N Sync
    • "Bye Bye Bye" ('N Sync)
    • "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (Aerosmith)
    • "It's Gonna Be Me ('N Sync)
    • "Jaded" (Aerosmith)
    • "Walk This Way" (Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly)
XXXVI
XXXVII
  • Date: Jan. 26, 2003
  • Location: Qualcomm Stadium (San Diego, California)
  • Theme:
  • Performer(s): Shania Twain, No Doubt, Sting
  • Producer: Jimmy Iovine and Joel Gallen
  • Sponsor: AT&T Wireless
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[36][37][38]
    • "Man! I Feel like a Woman!" (Shania Twain)
    • "Up!" (Shania Twain)
    • "Just a Girl" (No Doubt)
    • "Message in a Bottle" (Sting with No Doubt)
XXXVIII
  • Date: Feb. 1, 2004
  • Location: Reliant Stadium (Houston, Texas)
  • Theme: Rock the Vote
  • Performer(s): Janet Jackson, P. Diddy, Nelly, Kid Rock, and Justin Timberlake
  • Producer: MTV
  • Sponsor: AOL TopSpeed
  • References:[10][11]
  • Setlist:[39]
    • "All for You" (Janet Jackson)
    • "Diddy" to the tune of "Mickey" (P. Diddy)
    • "Hot in Herre" (Nelly),
    • "Mo Money Mo Problems" (P.Diddy)
    • "Bawitdaba" (Kid Rock),
    • "Cowboy" (Kid Rock)
    • "Rhythm Nation" (Janet Jackson)
    • "Rock Your Body" (Justin Timberlake with Janet Jackson, featured the controversial "wardrobe malfunction")
XXXIX
XL
XLI
  • Date: Feb. 4, 2007
  • Location: Sun Life Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
  • Performer(s): Prince, Florida A&M University Marching 100 Band
  • Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
  • Sponsor: Pepsi
  • References:[10][11]
  • Setlist:
    • "We Will Rock You"
    • "Let's Go Crazy"
    • "Baby I'm a Star"
    • "Proud Mary"
    • "All Along the Watchtower"
    • "Best of You"
    • "Purple Rain"
XLII
  • Date: Feb. 3, 2008
  • Location: University of Phoenix Stadium (Glendale, Arizona)
  • Performer(s): Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers
  • Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
  • Sponsor: Bridgestone
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[41]
    • "American Girl"
    • "I Won't Back Down"
    • "Free Fallin'"
    • "Runnin' Down a Dream"
XLIII
  • Date: Feb. 1, 2009
  • Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
  • Performer(s): Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band
  • Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
  • Sponsor: Bridgestone
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:
    • "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"
    • "Born to Run"
    • "Working on a Dream"
    • "Glory Days"

2010s[]

Super Bowl Show details
XLIV
  • Date: Feb. 7, 2010
  • Location: Sun Life Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
  • Performer(s): The Who
  • Producer: White Cherry Entertainment
  • Sponsor: Bridgestone
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[42]
    • "Pinball Wizard"
    • "Baba O'Riley"
    • "Who Are You"
    • "See Me, Feel Me"
    • "Won't Get Fooled Again"
XLV
  • Date: Feb. 6, 2011
  • Location: Cowboys Stadium (Arlington, Texas)
  • Theme: Tron Legacy
  • Performer(s): The Black Eyed Peas, Usher, Slash, Dallas/Ft. Worth-area area high school drill teams and dancers
  • Producer: Ricky Kirshner
  • Sponsor: Bridgestone
  • References:[10]
  • Setlist:[43]
    • "I Gotta Feeling" (The Black Eyed Peas)
    • "Boom Boom Pow" (The Black Eyed Peas)
    • "Sweet Child O' Mine" (Slash & Fergie)
    • "Pump It" (The Black Eyed Peas)
    • "Let's Get It Started" (The Black Eyed Peas)
    • "OMG" (Usher & will.i.am)
    • "Where Is The Love?" (The Black Eyed Peas)
    • "The Time (Dirty Bit)" with I Gotta Feeling reprise (The Black Eyed Peas)
XLVI
  • Date: Feb. 5, 2012
  • Location: Lucas Oil Stadium (Indianapolis, Indiana)
  • Theme: Polytheism (Greek and Egyptian)
  • Performer(s): Madonna, LMFAO,[44] Cirque du Soleil,[45] Nicki Minaj,[46] M.I.A.,[47] Cee Lo Green,[44] Andy Lewis,[48] Avon High School Drumline, Center Grove High School Drumline, Fishers High School Drumline, Franklin Central High School Drumline, Southern University Dancing Dolls, 200 Person Choir consisting of Indianapolis locals
  • Producer: Ricky Kirshner
  • Sponsor: Bridgestone
  • Setlist:[44]
    • "Vogue" (Madonna)
    • "Music" / "Party Rock Anthem" / "Sexy and I Know It" (Madonna with LMFAO)
    • "Give Me All Your Luvin'" (Madonna with Nicki Minaj and M.I.A.)
    • "Open Your Heart" / "Express Yourself" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green)
    • "Like a Prayer" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green)
XLVII
  • Date: Feb. 3, 2013
  • Location: Mercedes-Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
  • Performer(s): Beyoncé, Destiny's Child
  • Theme: The Woman/Female Empowerment
  • Producer: Ricky Kirshner [49]
  • Director: Hamish Hamilton [49]
  • Sponsor: Pepsi
  • References:[50]
  • Setlist:
    • "Run the World (Girls)" Intro / Vince Lombardi "Excellence" speech voiceover
    • "Love on Top" (Beyoncé)
    • "Crazy in Love" (Beyoncé)
    • "End of Time" (Beyoncé)
    • "Baby Boy" (Beyoncé)
    • "Bootylicious" (Destiny's Child)
    • "Independent Women (Part 1)" (Destiny's Child)
    • "Single Ladies (Put a Ring On It)" (Beyoncé with Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)
    • "Halo" (Beyoncé)

Details on specific shows[]

Super Bowl XL[]

For The Rolling Stones, the stage was in the form of the group's iconic tongue logo (first used in 1971 on their Sticky Fingers album). It was the largest stage ever assembled for a Super Bowl Halftime Show, with 28 separate pieces assembled in five minutes by a 600-member volunteer stage crew. The group performed three songs: "Start Me Up", "Rough Justice", and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". The show was viewed by 89.9 million people, more than the audiences for the Oscars, Grammys and Emmy Awards combined.[51] In the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy with Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake, ABC and the NFL imposed a five-second delay and censored lyrics considered too sexually explicit in the first two songs by briefly turning off Mick Jagger's microphone—censoring to which the group had previously agreed.[52] However, the choice of The Rolling Stones sparked controversy in the Detroit community because the band did not represent the traditional Detroit "Motown Sound", and no artists from the area were included.[53]

Other championship performances[]

Shania Twain is the first artist to have performed at both the Super Bowl and the CFL championship, the Grey Cup, having done so in 2002. The Black Eyed Peas joined Twain in 2011, having performed at the Grey Cup in 2005.

References[]

  1. Campbell (1995), pp. 14–16
  2. Williams, Doug. "When Up With People dominated halftime". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/blog/playbook/fandom/post/_/id/17649/when-up-with-people-dominated-halftime. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  3. Levin, Gary (2012-02-06). "Super Bowl, Madonna halftime most-watched in TV history". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2012/02/super-bowl-the-voice-draw-big-ratings-for-nbc/1#.URO5yoHC7IU. Retrieved 2013-02-07.
  4. Gallo, Phil (2012-02-06). "Madonna's Super Bowl Performance Watched By 114 Million". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/506406/madonnas-super-bowl-performance-watched-by-114-million. Retrieved 2013-02-07.
  5. "Super Bowl Ratings Record: Giants-Patriots Game Is Highest-Rated TV Show In US History". Huffington Post. 2012-02-06. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/06/super-bowl-ratings-record-tv-giants-patriots_n_1258107.html.
  6. "Madonna beats Elvis’s No.1 albums record as MDNA tops UK chart". Guinness World Records (London: Craig Glenday). April 2, 2012. http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/4/madonna-beats-elviss-no1-albums-record-as-mdna-tops-uk-chart/. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
  7. Florio, Mike (February 5, 2013). "If NFL doesn’t put on a halftime show, someone else will". ProFootballTalk.com. http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2013/02/05/if-nfl-doesnt-put-on-a-halftime-show-someone-else-will/. Retrieved 2013-02-06.
  8. Belson, Ken (2010-02-02). "The Who, and the Super Bowl's Evolving Halftime Show". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/03/sports/football/03halftime.html?ref=sports. Retrieved 2010-02-07.
  9. The Arizona Republic (2009-01-26). "The Nielsen Company's Guide To Super Bowl XLIII". tvbythenumbers.com. http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/01/26/the-nielsen-companys-guide-to-super-bowl-xliii/11548. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
  10. 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 10.29 10.30 10.31 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.35 10.36 10.37 10.38 10.39 10.40 10.41 10.42 10.43 10.44 "Super Bowl History - Entertainment". NFL.com. 2011. http://www.nfl.com/superbowl/history/entertainment. Retrieved 12-12-2011.
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  18. 1984 Super Bowl XVIII Disney Half Time Show Documentary Part 2 on YouTube
  19. 1984 Super Bowl XVIII Disney Half Time Show Part 3 on YouTube
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  26. part-1
  27. part-2
  28. [1][dead link]
  29. [2][dead link]
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  34. Log in om een reactie te plaatsen. (2006-11-18). "U2 First Part Superbowl halftime show". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYYpTh8K48E. Retrieved 2013-02-01.
  35. Log in om een reactie te plaatsen. (2006-11-18). "U2 Second Part Superbowl halftime show". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f1sHk1Kttw. Retrieved 2013-02-01.
  36. Shania Twain
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  44. 44.0 44.1 44.2 Aquí está el setlist de la Super Bowl de Madonna
  45. Madonna to perform at halftime of Super Bowl. Associated Press. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  46. Nicki Minaj To Perform During Super Bowl With M.I.A & Madonna. Yahoo! News. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  47. [5]. Billboard.com
  48. [6]. Five Ten.
  49. 49.0 49.1 Beyoncé to perform at Super Bowl XLVII Halftime
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  53. McGraw, Bill. "JOURNAL: No R-E-S-P-E-C-T for Motown halftime"; Dec. 1, 2005, Detroit Free Press; URL accessed July 3, 2006.

External links[]


pt:Anexo:Lista de atrações do Halftime Show

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