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File:Nick Saban 09 Practice.jpg

Nick Saban, 27th head coach of the Alabama Crimson Tide

The Alabama Crimson Tide college football team represents the University of Alabama in the West Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Crimson Tide competes as part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. The program has had 27 head coaches, and 1 interim head coach, since it began play during the 1892 season.[1] Since January 2007, Nick Saban has served as Alabama's head coach.[2]

Adopting the nickname of the Crimson Tide after the 1907 season,[3] the team has played more than 1,100 games over 118 seasons.[4] In that time, 12 coaches have led the Crimson Tide in postseason bowl games: Wallace Wade, Frank Thomas, Harold Drew, Paul "Bear" Bryant, Ray Perkins, Bill Curry, Gene Stallings, Mike DuBose, Dennis Franchione, Mike Shula, Joe Kines, and Saban.[5] Eight of those coaches also won conference championships: Wade captured four as a member of the Southern Conference and Thomas, Drew, Bryant, Curry, Stallings, DuBose, and Saban won a combined 23 as a member of the SEC.[6] During their tenures, Wade, Thomas, Bryant, Stallings, and Saban each won national championships with the Crimson Tide.[6][7][8]

Bryant is the leader in seasons coached and games won, with 232 victories during his 25 years with the program.[9] Saban has the highest winning percentage of those who have coached more than one game, with .829.[9] Jennings B. Whitworth has the lowest winning percentage of those who have coached more than one game, with .067.[9] Mike Price, who was hired in 2003, was fired prior to coaching a game.[10] Of the 28 different head coaches who have led the Crimson Tide, Wade,[11] Thomas,[12] Bryant,[13] and Stallings[14] have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in South Bend, Indiana.

Key[]

Key to symbols in coaches list
General Overall Conference Postseason[16]
No. Order of coaches[17] GC Games coached CW Conference wins PW Postseason wins
DC Division championships OW Overall wins CL Conference losses PL Postseason losses
CC Conference championships OL Overall losses CT Conference ties PT Postseason ties
NC National championships OT Overall ties[19] C% Conference winning percentage
dagger Elected to the College Football Hall of Fame O% Overall winning percentage[21]


Coaches[]

List of head football coaches showing season(s) coached, overall records, conference records, postseason records, championships and selected awards[A 1]
# Name Season(s)
[A 2]
GC OW OL OT O% CW CL CT C% PW PL PT DC
[A 3]
CC NC Awards
1 Beaumont, E. B.E. B. Beaumont 1892 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000500000.500 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
2 Abbott, EliEli Abbott 1892–1895, 1902 &000000000000002000000020 &00000000000000070000007 &000000000000001300000013 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000350000.350 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000080000008 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000200000.200 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
3 Wagonhurst, OttoOtto Wagonhurst 1896 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000666000.666 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000500000.500 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
4 McCants, AllenAllen McCants 1897 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000010000001.000 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
5 Martin, W. A.W. A. Martin 1899 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000750000.750 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000010000001.000 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
6 Griffin, M.M. Griffin 1900 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000400000.400 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000250000.250 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
7 Harvey, M. S.M. S. Harvey 1901 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000020000002 &0000000000000000600000.600 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000020000002 &0000000000000000600000.600 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
8 Blount, W. B.W. B. Blount 1903–1904 &000000000000001700000017 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000070000007 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000588000.588 &00000000000000080000008 &00000000000000070000007 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000533000.533 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
9 Leavenworth, JackJack Leavenworth 1905 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000060000006 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000600000.600 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000555000.555 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &10000000000000000000000
10 Pollard, J. W. H.J. W. H. Pollard 1906–1909 &000000000000003000000030 &000000000000002100000021 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000040000004 &0000000000000000783000.783 &000000000000001400000014 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000040000004 &0000000000000000696000.696 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
11 Lowman, GuyGuy Lowman 1910 &00000000000000080000008 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000500000.500 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000200000.200 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
12 Graves, D. V.D. V. Graves 1911–1914 &000000000000003600000036 &000000000000002100000021 &000000000000001200000012 &00000000000000030000003 &0000000000000000625000.625 &000000000000001400000014 &000000000000001100000011 &00000000000000030000003 &0000000000000000554000.554 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
13 Kelly, ThomasThomas Kelly 1915–1917 &000000000000002500000025 &000000000000001700000017 &00000000000000070000007 &00000000000000010000001 &0000000000000000700000.700 &000000000000001200000012 &00000000000000060000006 &00000000000000010000001 &0000000000000000658000.658 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
14 Scott, XenXen Scott 1919–1922 &000000000000004100000041 &000000000000002900000029 &00000000000000090000009 &00000000000000030000003 &0000000000000000744000.744 &000000000000002300000023 &000000000000001500000015 &00000000000000050000005 &0000000000000000593000.593 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
15 Wade, WallaceWallace Wadedagger 1923–1930 &000000000000007800000078 &000000000000006100000061 &000000000000001300000013 &00000000000000040000004 &0000000000000000812000.812 &000000000000004500000045 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000020000002 &0000000000000000807000.807 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000010000001 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000030000003 – 1925, 1926, 1930 &09999999999999998999999
16 Thomas, FrankFrank Thomasdagger 1931–1946 &0000000000000146000000146 &0000000000000115000000115 &000000000000002400000024 &00000000000000070000007 &0000000000000000812000.812 &000000000000007100000071 &000000000000001900000019 &00000000000000060000006 &0000000000000000771000.771 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000020000002 – 1934, 1941 SEC Coach of the Year (1945)[23][A 4]
17 Drew, HaroldHarold Drew 1947–1954 &000000000000008900000089 &000000000000005400000054 &000000000000002800000028 &00000000000000070000007 &0000000000000000646000.646 &000000000000003300000033 &000000000000002100000021 &00000000000000070000007 &0000000000000000598000.598 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 SEC Coach of the Year (1952)[23]
18 Whitworth, Jennings B.Jennings B. Whitworth 1955–1957 &000000000000003000000030 &00000000000000040000004 &000000000000002400000024 &00000000000000020000002 &0000000000000000166000.166 &00000000000000030000003 &000000000000001800000018 &00000000000000010000001 &0000000000000000159000.159 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
19 Bryant, PaulPaul Bryantdagger 1958–1982 &0000000000000287000000287 &0000000000000232000000232 &000000000000004600000046 &00000000000000090000009 &0000000000000000824000.824 &0000000000000146000000146 &000000000000002200000022 &00000000000000050000005 &0000000000000000858000.858 &000000000000001200000012 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000020000002 &09999999999999998999999 &000000000000001300000013 &00000000000000060000006 – 1961, 1964, 1965, 1973, 1978, 1979

AFCA Coach of the Year (1961, 1971, 1973)[24]
AP SEC Coach of the Year (1961, 1964, 1965, 1971, 1973,
1974, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1981)[23]

UPI SEC Coach of the Year (1959, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1971,
1973, 1978, 1979, 1981)[23]

SEC Coach of the Year (1961, 1964, 1971, 1973, 1974,
1978, 1979, 1981)[23]

20 Perkins, RayRay Perkins 1983–1986 &000000000000004800000048 &000000000000003200000032 &000000000000001500000015 &00000000000000010000001 &0000000000000000677000.677 &000000000000001400000014 &00000000000000090000009 &00000000000000010000001 &0000000000000000604000.604 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
21 Curry, BillBill Curry 1987–1989 &000000000000003600000036 &000000000000002600000026 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000722000.722 &000000000000001400000014 &00000000000000060000006 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000700000.700 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award (1989)[25]
AP SEC Coach of the Year (1989)[23]
UPI SEC Coach of the Year (1987, 1989)[23]
SEC Coach of the Year (1989)[23]
22 Stallings, GeneGene Stallingsdagger
[A 5]
1990–1996 &000000000000008700000087 &000000000000006200000062 &000000000000002500000025 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000713000.713 &000000000000003800000038 &000000000000001600000016 &00000000000000000000000 &0000000000000000703000.703 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000040000004 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000010000001 – 1992 AFCA Coach of the Year (1992)[24]
FWAA Coach of the Year (1992)[27]
George Munger Award (1992)[28]
Walter Camp Coach of the Year (1992)[29]
AP SEC Coach of the Year (1992)[23]
SEC Coach of the Year (1992)[23]
23 DuBose, MikeMike DuBose 1997–2000 &000000000000004700000047 &000000000000002400000024 &000000000000002300000023 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000510000.510 &000000000000001600000016 &000000000000001600000016 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000500000.500 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000020000002 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 AP SEC Coach of the Year (1999)[23]
SEC Coach of the Year (1999)[23]
24 Franchione, DennisDennis Franchione 2001–2002 &000000000000002500000025 &000000000000001700000017 &00000000000000080000008 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000680000.680 &000000000000001000000010 &00000000000000060000006 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000625000.625 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
25 Price, MikeMike Price
[A 6]
2003 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999
26 Shula, MikeMike Shula
[A 7]
2003–2006 &000000000000004900000049 &000000000000001000000010 &000000000000002300000023 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000303000.303 &00000000000000050000005 &000000000000001900000019 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000208000.208 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000010000001 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
Int Kines, JoeJoe Kines
[A 8]
2006 &00000000000000010000001 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000010000001 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000000000.000 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000010000001 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &00000000000000000000000 &09999999999999998999999
27 Saban, NickNick Saban
[A 9]
2007–present &000000000000008100000081 &000000000000006300000063 &000000000000001300000013 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000829000.829 &000000000000003600000036 &00000000000000090000009 &09999999999999998999999 &0000000000000000818000.818 &00000000000000050000005 &00000000000000010000001 &09999999999999998999999 &00000000000000030000003 &00000000000000020000002 &00000000000000030000003 – 2009, 2011, 2012 AP Coach of the Year (2008)[33]
Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year (2008)[27]
Home Depot Coach of the Year (2008)[34]
Liberty Mutual Coach of the Year Award (2008)[35]
Sporting News College Football Coach of the Year (2008)[36]
Walter Camp Coach of the Year (2008)[29]
AP SEC Coach of the Year (2009)[23]
SEC Coach of the Year (2008, 2009)[23]

Notes[]

  1. Statistics correct as of the end of the 2012 college football season.
  2. Alabama did not field teams in 1898 due to school rules, in 1918 due to World War I and in 1943 due to World War II.[4]
  3. Divisional champions have advanced to the SEC Championship Game since the institution of divisional play beginning in the 1992 season. Since that time, Alabama has competed as a member of the SEC West.[22]
  4. The SEC Coach of the Year is voted by league coaches.[23]
  5. Stallings' record at the conclusion of the 1993 season was nine wins, three losses and one tie (9–3–1, 5–3–1 SEC). In August 1995, the NCAA ruled that Alabama must forfeit eight victories and one tie that Antonio Langham participated in as he was declared ineligible for previously signing with a sports agent in violation of NCAA rules. Thus the official NCAA record for 1993 is 1–12.[26]
  6. Price was hired in December 2002 and fired in May 2003 without coaching an official game.[10]
  7. Shula's record at the conclusion of the 2005 season was ten wins and two losses (10–2, 6–2 SEC) and six wins and six losses (6–6, 2–6 SEC) in 2006. In March 2009, the NCAA ruled that Alabama must vacate 16 victories due to sanctions stemming from textbook-related infractions discovered during the 2007 season for the 2005 and 2006 seasons. As the penalty to vacate victories does not result in a loss (or forfeiture) of the affected contests or award a victory to the opponent, the official NCAA record for these years are 0–2 and 0–6 respectively.[30][31]
  8. Joe Kines was named interim head coach for the 2006 Independence Bowl, following the termination of Mike Shula as head coach.[32]
  9. Saban's record at the conclusion of the 2007 season was seven wins and six losses (7–6, 4–4 SEC). In March 2009, the NCAA ruled that Alabama must vacate five victories due to sanctions stemming from textbook-related infractions discovered during the 2007 season. As the penalty to vacate victories does not result in a loss (or forfeiture) of the affected contests or award a victory to the opponent, the official NCAA record for 2007 is 2–6.[30][31]

References[]

General

Specific

  1. 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide, p. 3
  2. "After repeated denials, Saban takes Bama job". ESPN. January 4, 2007. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=2718488. Retrieved January 10, 2010.
  3. 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide, p. 117
  4. 4.0 4.1 University of Alabama Department of Intercollegiate Athletics. "All-time Football Results". RollTide.com. http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/archive/m-footbl-results-archive.html. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  5. University of Alabama Department of Intercollegiate Athletics. "Bowl History" (PDF). RollTide.com. http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/alab/sports/m-footbl/auto_pdf/history-bowlrecords.pdf. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  6. 6.0 6.1 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide, pp. 180–193
  7. University of Alabama Department of Intercollegiate Athletics. "National Championships". RollTide.com. http://www.rolltide.com/trads/national-championships.html. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  8. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). "National Poll Rankings" (PDF). 2010 NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision Records. NCAA.org. pp. 68–77. http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/DI/2010/2010FBS.pdf. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide, p. 193
  10. 10.0 10.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Price-fired
  11. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WW-HOF
  12. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FT-HOF
  13. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named PB-HOF
  14. Goodbread, Chase (May 28, 2010). "Gene Stallings enters Hall of Fame". The Tuscaloosa News. http://www.tuscaloosanews.com/article/20100528/NEWS/100529569. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  15. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) (2011) (PDF). Bowl/All-Star Game Records. Indianapolis, Indiana: NCAA. pp. 5–10. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/2011/Bowls.pdf. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  16. Although the first Rose Bowl Game was played in 1902, it has been continuously played since the 1916 game, and is recognized as the oldest bowl game by the NCAA. "—" indicates any season prior to 1916 when postseason games were not played.[15]
  17. A running total of the number of head coaches, with coaches who served separate tenures being counted only once. Interim head coaches are represented with "Int" and are not counted in the running total. "—" indicates the team played but either without a coach or no coach is on record. "X" indicates an interim year without play.
  18. Whiteside, Kelly (August 25, 2006). "Overtime system still excites coaches". USA Today (McLean, Virginia). Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. https://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/2006-08-24-overtime_x.htm. Retrieved September 25, 2009.
  19. Overtime rules in college football were introduced in 1996, making ties impossible in the period since.[18]
  20. Finder, Chuck (September 6, 1987). "Big plays help Paterno to 200th". The New York Times (New York City). Archived from the original on October 22, 2009. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/06/sports/college-football-big-plays-help-paterno-to-200th.html. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  21. When computing the win–loss percentage, a tie counts as half a win and half a loss.[20]
  22. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Division
  23. 23.00 23.01 23.02 23.03 23.04 23.05 23.06 23.07 23.08 23.09 23.10 23.11 23.12 23.13 23.14 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide, p. 175
  24. 24.0 24.1 "Past National COTY Winners". American Football Coaches Association. http://www.afca.com/article/article.php?id=1052. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  25. "Past Winners". Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Foundation. http://www.bobbydoddfoundation.com/pastwinners2.html. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  26. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named StallingsNCAA
  27. 27.0 27.1 "All-time Eddie Robinson Award Winners". Football Writers Association of America. http://www.sportswriters.net/fwaa/awards/robinson/winners.html. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
  28. "George Munger Award – Past recipients". Maxwell Football Club. http://www.maxwellfootballclub.org/george-munger-award-college-coach-year. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  29. 29.0 29.1 "Alabama’s Nick Saban Named Walter Camp 2008 Coach of the Year". Walter Camp Football Foundation. December 28, 2008. http://waltercamp.org/index.php/news/alabamas_nick_saban_named_walter_camp_2008_coach_of_the_year/. Retrieved January 5, 2010.
  30. 30.0 30.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named TextbookNCAA
  31. 31.0 31.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named TextbookNCAA2
  32. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named KinesInterim
  33. "Saban named AP's top coach". Associated Press. ESPN.com. December 23, 2010. http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/news/story?id=3789726. Retrieved 2011-01-22.
  34. Rapoport, Ian (December 9, 2008). "Nick Saban named Home Depot Coach of the Year". al.com. http://blog.al.com/rapsheet/2008/12/nick_saban_named_home_depot_co.html. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
  35. "Liberty Mutual Coach of the Year: Previous Winners (2008)". Liberty Mutual Coach of the Year. http://www.coachoftheyear.com/Coaches-PreviousWinners.aspx#fbid=Nfw_1Uv2hdy. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  36. "Tide's Saban is SN's National Coach of the Year". SportingNews.com. http://www.sportingnews.com/ncaa-football/story/2008-12-17/tides-saban-sns-national-coach-year. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
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