Johns Hopkins–Maryland rivalry

The Johns Hopkins–Maryland rivalry is an intercollegiate sports rivalry between the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays, which represent Johns Hopkins University, and the Maryland Terrapins, which represent the University of Maryland. The most prominent event has been the men's lacrosse series, which is widely regarded as the greatest rivalry in the sport. More than 100 contests in the series have been played since the schools first met in 1895. The competition is intensified by each programs' status as a traditional lacrosse powerhouse. As such, the game has often held national championship implications, and twice the teams played to represent the United States in the Olympics.

The schools currently meet only in lacrosse, as all other Johns Hopkins athletics fall under NCAA Division III and all Maryland athletics are Division I. From the late 19th into the 20th century, however, their football teams also competed regularly. More recently, the schools have played in women's lacrosse.

NCAA alignment
In 1971, the National Collegiate Athletic Association instituted a three-tier classification system, which created Division I, Division II, and Division III. The third tier, Division III, is the one in which no athletic scholarships are awarded to student-athletes. Johns Hopkins, as a perennial lacrosse power, chose to continue competition in Division I in that sport, while all of its other athletic teams were relegated to Division III. In 2004, the NCAA upheld the decision to allow Division III schools to "play up", and grant scholarships, in a sport at the Division I level (usually ice hockey). Since Maryland competes strictly at the Division I level, the two schools currently meet only in men's and women's lacrosse.

Background
The media and both schools have called Johns Hopkins–Maryland the greatest and most historic rivalry in men's lacrosse. Sports Illustrated ranked it among the best all-time college rivalries, and before the teams' 100th meeting, called it "the equivalent of Michigan–Ohio State in football." A 2003 Harris Interactive poll found that Marylanders considered it the state's fourth biggest rivalry after the Cowboys–Redskins, Ravens–Redskins, and Duke–Maryland. The Hopkins–Maryland all-time record differs based upon whether games played before Maryland had a varsity team are counted. Johns Hopkins recognizes those games and records the series as 68–38–1 in its own favor. Maryland, however, recognizes only games played since the formation of their varsity team in 1924, which puts the all-time record at 61–38–1, also in favor of Hopkins.

The rivalry, which is the oldest in the sport, is fueled by history, competitiveness, and cultural reasons. Both schools are located in the state of Maryland, a historical hotbed for lacrosse, and have traditionally been two of the sport's powerhouses. Many of the opposing players have had past associations in grade school, high school, or youth club sports. Hopkins' current coach and former player Dave Pietramala said, "Everybody knew each other; we had all played together at some point or another. It was a fierce, intense game and there was no love lost on the field." Additionally, Johns Hopkins is a private university, while Maryland is a public institution. Former Terrapins coach Dick Edell said: "'To get the juices flowing before the game, [we'd tell the Maryland] kids that it was the blue-collar guys against the future executives—that this was their only chance to get them before they got into the real world. Plus, you have all the kids who came from the same high school, or worked the camps together, so there was that closeness that you have to live with for the other 364 days, no matter who wins.'"

Early years
The two teams first played in 1895 and met six more times through 1923. In those early matches, Johns Hopkins scored a combined sixty points to Maryland's three. In 1924, Maryland fielded its first varsity-level lacrosse team, which defeated Hopkins, 4–2, but the United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (USILA) awarded the Blue Jays the co-national championship (along with Syracuse). Since that season, the teams have met annually with the exception of a two-year hiatus due to World War II. Johns Hopkins won three straight national titles from 1926 to 1928, where each season culminated with a victory over Maryland. In 1928, Maryland had a perfect 9–0 record until Johns Hopkins defeated the Terps in the season finale, 6–3. At season's end, a single-elimination tournament was held to determine which team would represent the United States in a trial lacrosse competition during the Summer Olympics. Maryland defeated Navy and Rutgers to advance to the final game, where they were again bested by Johns Hopkins.

The following season, the Terrapins embarked upon a three-year run in which they lost only four games, and they defeated the Blue Jays each season including a shutout, 6–0, in 1930. In 1932, however, Hopkins defeated Maryland twice during the regular season and once more in a postseason game to decide participation in the Olympics. Between 1930 and 1934, the Blue Jays won three national championships and lost only two games, both of which were to the Terrapins. Maryland captured national titles in 1936, 1937, and 1939. That year, however, Hopkins managed to break a four-game losing streak against them. The Terrapins won the 1940 title by beating the undefeated Blue Jays, 7–6, in the series' first game decided by one goal. Maryland finished the season with a perfect 10–0 record. The following year, Hopkins finished 12–0 and captured the national championship after a convincing victory over Maryland, 10–3. Johns Hopkins secured four more national titles from 1947 to 1950, and defeated Maryland each year, three times by a margin of at least six goals.

Several days before the game in 1947, Hopkins supporters stole "Testudo", a 300-pound bronze statue of a diamondback terrapin, from the Maryland campus. Approximately 200 Terrapins fans drove to Baltimore to retrieve it, and a riot erupted before the city police intervened. The Hopkins dean ordered the students to return the statue, which they did after painting a blue 'H' on its back.

Maryland dominance
In the 1950s, the two teams won a combined six national championships, with Maryland dominating the first part of the decade and Johns Hopkins the latter. Between 1951 and 1956, Maryland posted a 5–0–1 record against Hopkins, with three games won by at least six points. The Terps won consecutive national titles in 1955 and 1956, while posting a combined record of 21–0. In 1957, the Blue Jays snapped the Terrapins' 31-game winning streak with an upset win, 15–10. Two years later, both teams shared the national title with Army. Between 1955 and 1959, Maryland compiled a 48–3 record, with all three losses at the hands of Johns Hopkins.

In 1960, Navy became the first team other than Hopkins to defeat Maryland since 1954. That same year marked the start of Navy's eight-year national championship streak that lasted through 1967. That season, Navy beat Maryland 10–8, before traveling to Homewood Field. There, Johns Hopkins upset Navy, 9–6, for the first time in their last ten meetings. The Blue Jays and Terrapins met for the season finale where Hopkins needed a victory to win the national title outright. Maryland acted as a spoiler, however, and beat Johns Hopkins, 9–5, to take a share of the championship. Hopkins went on to win or share the next four national titles.

Advent of the NCAA tournament
In 1971, the NCAA replaced the USILA as the awarding authority for the men's lacrosse championship with the introduction of a tournament. Since then, the Blue Jays and Terrapins have appeared in the finals a combined 27 times and have met each other in the finals three times. In 1972, Maryland beat Johns Hopkins in the regular season, 13–12, to earn the number-one seed. The two teams met again in the semifinals, where Hopkins eliminated Maryland, 9–6, and advanced to the finals before losing to Virginia by one goal. The following two years, Hopkins and Maryland met in the finals.

In 1973, Maryland routed Hopkins during the regular season, 17–4. That year's Terrapins, led by future Hall of Fame inductee and four-time All-American Frank Urso, are considered one of the all-time best college lacrosse teams and averaged almost 18 goals a game. When the teams met in the championship game, however, the Blue Jays employed a possession game to offset Maryland's offensive firepower, and the first shot on goal did not take place until 8:38. At halftime, Johns Hopkins had taken a 5–2 lead. Time expired with the score tied, 9–9, which forced the game into overtime. Urso scored for the Terrapins to take a 10–9 lead and Maryland goalie Bill O'Donnell made several impressive saves to secure the win.

The following year, Maryland was again named the top-seed, despite having lost to second-seed Johns Hopkins during the regular season. In the championship game, Hopkins quickly took the lead, led by Hall of Fame attackman Jack Thomas and entered halftime with a 10–4 advantage. In the second half, Maryland outscored them 8–7, but the effort fell short. In 1975, Maryland defeated Hopkins, 19–11, before winning the national title, and won again the following year, 21–13, on their way to finish as national championship runners-up after an overtime loss to Cornell in the final. In 1977, the Blue Jays edged the Terrapins, 21–20, in the regular season and began a run in the series. Hopkins eliminated Maryland in the tournament semifinals in both 1977 and 1978, before beating them in the 1979 championship game at home in College Park, Maryland. During that game, the Blue Jays were able to limit the Terrapins' second all-time leading scorer and 1979 attackman of the year Bob Boneillo. During the 1970s, Maryland participated in six NCAA title games, including four in a row from 1973 to 1976. During that span, the Terps won two national titles and lost four.

Hopkins dominance
During the 1980s, Johns Hopkins dominated the series, winning 12 of 13 games, including nine by an average margin of 5.6 points. During this period Hopkins, led by head coach Henry Ciccarone, won three national titles. By 1987, Maryland's fourth-year head coach Dick Edell had helped revitalize the Terrapins as a national power. Maryland posted an 11–0 record during the regular season, where the win over Hopkins, 11–7, was the only game decided by less than six goals. In the NCAA tournament, Maryland defeated Penn in the quarterfinals, 12–8, and advanced to again meet Hopkins in the semifinals. Despite having recorded its first three-loss season in over a decade, and having edged North Carolina in the quarterfinals, the Blue Jays upset the Terrapins, 13–8. Hopkins, led by goalkeeper Quint Kessenich, advanced to win the national title against then undefeated Cornell in the final.

Relative parity
In 1995, Johns Hopkins narrowly retained an undefeated regular season by winning four one-goal games, which included an edging of Maryland, 16–15. Hopkins entered the tournament as the number-one seed, and again met Maryland in the semifinals. Edell helped guide the Terps to an early lead, and they ended the half with an advantage, 10–4, with the final result a rout, 16–8. The performance of Maryland goalie Brian Dougherty earned him the title of the tournament's Most Outstanding Player, despite the Terps' loss in the final against Syracuse.

The following season, Maryland earned a number-two seeding after defeating Hopkins, 12–9. The teams met again in the tournament quarterfinals, where, playing at home, Hopkins gained a 7–0 lead against heavily-favored Maryland. The Terrapins rallied, but the Blue Jays held them off to preserve victory, 9–7. In 1998 at Homewood Field, Hopkins upset first-ranked Maryland, 10–6 during the regular season. This time when they met in the tournament quarterfinals, Maryland had the homefield advantage at Byrd Stadium. The Terps led 10–6 in the fourth quarter before the Blue Jays rallied to force overtime. Maryland, however, won the ensuing faceoff and scored after several shots on goal, never allowing Hopkins to gain possession of the ball. The Terps eventually advanced to the final, where they were defeated by Princeton.

Recent years
From 2001 to 2003, each match-up was decided by one goal. Maryland won coach Dick Edell's final, and Hopkins coach Dave Pietramala's first, game of the series in 2001. The Blue Jays won the following two seasons, with both games decided in overtime. In 2004, the teams played their 100th anniversary game and both sides wore special "throwback" jerseys. Hopkins scored five times before the first television timeout, then took an 8–1 first period lead on the way to a victory, 14–10. Hopkins extended their streak to four wins in 2005, before Maryland's new head coach Dave Cottle took away his first victory in 2006. In 2009, the teams played in the inaugural Day of Rivals double-header, where Hopkins preserved victory, 10–9, when a final-second Maryland shot on the crease was deflected. The two met for the event again in 2010, with Maryland coming out on top, 10–9, due in part to a perfect four-for-four extra-man offense.

Football
In 1892, the Maryland Agricultural College fielded its first officially-recognized football team. In the third game of that season, they played Johns Hopkins at Clifton Park in Baltimore, and the more experienced "Hoppies" routed the "Aggies", 62–0. In 1894, both schools became charter members of the Maryland Intercollegiate Football Association, which formed for the purpose of awarding the official Maryland state football championship. The Hoppies and Aggies, however, did not meet again until 1897, when Johns Hopkins defeated Maryland in College Park, 30–0. Johns Hopkins won the series' first eight games without allowing a single Maryland score, for a combined margin of 190–0.

The Aggies broke the losing streak in 1910 with a stalemate, 11–11. In the final minutes of the game, Hopkins was on the Maryland eight-yard line, second down with two yards to go. A Johns Hopkins guard named Schrieber then ran from the field to their bench to leave a knocked-out tooth for safekeeping. The referee penalized the Blue and Black ten yards, and when their field goal attempt was blocked, the game ended in a tie.

In 1915, the teams played their first game on Thanksgiving, which thereafter became an annual tradition. That game was held in front of 13,000 fans, the largest crowd in the history of Homewood Field. It was a defensive struggle with both teams having great difficulty in gaining yardage. A Johns Hopkins halfback named Hoffman missed eight field goal attempts in succession before the ninth met its mark for a Blue Jays win, 3–0. From that day forward, Johns Hopkins and Maryland played all but two Thanksgiving Days through 1934. Eleven of the series' last twelve games were held in Baltimore Municipal Stadium. By 1928, the series' tide had turned heavily in Maryland's favor, and H.C. "Curley" Byrd coached the Terrapins to convincing victories in each of the final seven games.

Women's lacrosse
The Johns Hopkins and Maryland women's lacrosse teams first played in 1979 in Arnold, Maryland, a game which the Lady Terps won handily, 17–1. They did not meet again until after the Johns Hopkins women's team was promoted from Division III to Division I in 1999. The following year, the teams met and have played each season since. As of 2010, the Maryland women held a perfect record against Hopkins, having won all eleven meetings by a combined margin of 185–88.