Atlantic Coast Football League

The Atlantic Coast Football League (ACFL) was a minor football league that operated from 1962 to 1973. Until 1969, many of its franchises had working agreements with NFL and AFL teams to serve as farm clubs. The league paid a base salary of $100 per game and had 36 players on each active roster.

For the first few years, Joe Rosentover served as league president. He had served in the same capacity for the American Football League (formerly the American Association) from 1947 to 1950; a relative, John Rosentover, had run the league from 1936 to 1947. In fact, several of the teams from the AA were revived in the ACFL, including the Providence Steam Roller, Newark Bears and a team in Paterson, New Jersey. By 1968, Rosentover had left the organization and been superseded by commissioner Cosmo Iacovazzi, who had briefly played for the New York Jets.

In 1965, three of the franchises (the Hartford Charter Oaks, Newark Bears and Springfield Acorns) joined with five teams from the United Football League to create the Continental Football League. The league picked up four franchises from that league when it folded in 1969 (Norfolk Neptunes, Orlando Panthers, Jersey Jays and Indianapolis Capitols); the Neptunes and Panthers were exactly the same teams as the Acorns and Bears respectively, having relocated during their time in the CoFL.

In 1970, the Orlando Panthers signed a husband and wife duo, Steven and Patricia Palinkas, as a kicker and holder respectively. Steven did not make the team, but Patricia did, making her the first female professional football player.

Most of the ACFL's teams, including all of the teams that had been in the Continental league, folded following the 1971 season. The Hartford Knights and Bridgeport Jets survived, and both moved down to the Seaboard Football League in 1972. Hartford accrued a perfect season in that league in 1972, including several games with margins of victory over 40 points, and after much dissatisfaction with the league announced it was leaving with the intent to reform the ACFL. The ACFL returned for one final season in 1973 with Hartford, Bridgeport, and several teams promoted up from the SFL (which led to a trickle-up that brought Empire Football League teams upward to the SFL to fill the old SFL teams' void). The return, however, was short lived; the league determined it would not compete with the World Football League and folded after the 1973 season.

ACFL Championship Games
1962- Paterson Miners 17, Providence Steam Roller 14 (Double OT), played indoors in the Atlantic City Convention Center

1963- Newark Bears 23 Springfield Acorns 6

1964- Boston Sweepers 14, Newark Bears 10 played in Newark

1965- New Bedford Sweepers 13, Jersey Jets 9

1966- Virginia Sailors 42, Lowell Giants 10

1967- Virginia Sailors 20, Westchester Bulls 14

1968- Hartford Knights 30, Virginia Sailors 17

1969- Pottstown Firebirds 20, Hartford Knights 0

1970- Pottstown Firebirds 31, Hartford Knights 0

1971- Norfolk Neptunes 24, Hartford Knights 13

1973- New England Colonials 41, Bridgeport Jets 17

ACFL teams

 * Ansonia Black Knights 1962-63
 * Atlanta Spartans 1964
 * Atlantic City Senators 1966
 * Baltimore Broncos 1963
 * Boston Sweepers 1963-64
 * Bridgeport Jets 1968-71, 1973 (affiliated with New York Jets in 1969)
 * Frankfort Falcon 1962
 * Harrisburg Capitols/Harrisburg Colts 1963-69 (affiliated with Baltimore Colts in 1969)
 * Hartford Charter Oaks 1963-64
 * Hartford Knights 1968-71, 1973 (affiliated with Buffalo Bills in 1969)
 * Holyoke Bombers 1965
 * Indianapolis Capitols 1970-71
 * Jersey City Jets 1966
 * Jersey Giants 1963-64
 * Jersey Jays 1970-71
 * Jersey Jets 1965
 * Jersey Tigers 1970-71
 * Long Island Bulls 1969-70 (affiliated with New York Giants in 1969)
 * Long Island Chiefs 1973
 * Lowell Giants 1966-68 (affiliated with Boston Patriots in 1969)
 * Mohawk Valley Falcons 1963-65
 * Mount Vernon Crusaders 1973
 * Newark Bears 1963-64
 * New Bedford Sweepers 1965-66
 * New England Colonials 1973 (affiliated with Boston Patriots)
 * Norfolk Neptunes 1970-71
 * Orlando Panthers 1970-71
 * Paterson Miners 1962
 * Pittsburgh Valley Ironmen 1963-65
 * Portland Sea Hawks 1962-64
 * Pennsylvania Firebirds 1970-71
 * Pottstown Firebirds 1968-69 (affiliated with Philadelphia Eagles in 1969)
 * Providence Steam Roller 1962-64
 * Quincy Giants 1969-71
 * Rhode Island Steelers 1966
 * Richmond Rebels 1964
 * Richmond Roadrunners 1968-69 (affiliated with New Orleans Saints in 1969)
 * Richmond Saints 1970
 * Roanoke Buckskins 1968-71 (affiliated with Washington Redskins in 1969)
 * Scranton Miners 1965-66
 * Scranton Pros 1964
 * Springfield Acorns 1963-64
 * Stamford Golden Bears 1962
 * Virginia Sailors 1966-68
 * Waterbury Orbits 1966-67
 * West Massachusetts Pioneers 1973
 * Westchester Bulls 1967-68
 * Westchester Crusaders 1963-64, 1973
 * Wilmington Clippers 1966-67