Grove City College

Grove City College is a Christian liberal arts college in Grove City, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, about 65 mi north of Pittsburgh. According to the College Bulletin, its stated three-fold mission is to provide an excellent education at an affordable price in a thoroughly Christian environment. College president Richard Jewell has said, "The two tenets that this school is most about are faith and freedom."

The school emphasizes a humanities core curriculum, which endorses the Judeo-Christian Western tradition and the free market. While loosely associated with the Presbyterian Church, the college is non-denominational and does not require students to sign a statement of faith, though they are required to attend sixteen chapel services per semester.

Origins
Founded in 1876 by Isaac C. Ketler, the school was originally chartered as Pine Grove Normal Academy. It had twenty-six students in its first year. In 1884, the trustees of Pine Grove Normal Academy in Grove City amended the academy charter to change the name to Grove City College. By charter, the doors of the College were open to qualified students "without regard to religious test or belief." The founders of Grove City College, consciously avoiding narrow sectarianism, held a vision of Christian society transcending denomination, creeds, and confessions. Isaac Ketler was a devout Presbyterian who served as president until 1913. This was a span of 37 years altogether, and occurred during a very formative period for the school.

Grove City was heavily supported by Joseph Newton Pew, founder of the Sun Oil Company. Pew was one of Ketler's grade-school teachers and a lifelong mentor and friend of the educator. Pew, like Ketler a devout Presbyterian and strong believer in the importance of good education, later accepted the presidency of the school's board of trustees. Pew and Ketler's influence continued with their sons, Weir C. Ketler (Grove City president from 1916 to 1956) and Joseph Howard Pew.

Joseph Howard Pew graduated from the college in 1900 and, like his father, became trustee-board president. J. Howard Pew continued his father's legacy. A Presbyterian and a conservative, J. Howard Pew insisted that the college operate only on what it received in tuition and fees. In the 1930s, J. Howard Pew, who became the president of Sun Oil Company, was one of the nation's most outspoken critics of the New Deal, so it also was natural that Grove City College look unfavorably upon federal aid and involvement in education and that it would strive to remain the highly independent institution it is today.

Navy Training during WWII
As World War II began, Grove City College was one of six schools selected by the United States Navy to participate in the highly unusual Electronics Training Program (ETP). Starting March 1942, each month a new group of 100 Navy and Marine students arrived for three months of 14-hour days in concentrated electrical engineering study. ETP admission required passing the Eddy Test, one of the most selective qualifying exams given during the war years. Professor Russell P. Smith was the program’s Director of Instruction. By the fall of 1943, there were only 81 civilian men in the student body; thus, the presence of 300 or so servicemen contributed greatly in sustaining the College. This training at Grove City continued until April 1945; library records show that there were 49 classes graduating 3,759 persons.

Supreme Court case
Under President Dr. Charles S. MacKenzie, the college was the plaintiff-appellee in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in 1984, Grove City College v. Bell. The ruling came seven years after the school's refusal to sign a Title IX compliance form, which would have subjected the entire school to federal regulations, even future ones not yet issued. The court ruled 6–3 that acceptance by students of federal educational grants did fall under the regulatory requirements of Title IX, but limited the application to the school's financial aid department.

In 1988, new legislation subjected every department of any educational institution that received federal funding to Title IX requirements. In response, Grove City College withdrew from the Pell Grant program entirely beginning with the 1988–89 academic year, replacing such grants to students with its own program, the Student Freedom Fund. In October 1996, the College withdrew from the Stafford Loan program, providing entering students with replacements on better terms through a program with PNC Bank.

Grove City is one of a handful of colleges (along with Hillsdale College, which did likewise after the aforementioned 1984 case ) that does not allow its students to accept federal financial aid of any kind, including grants, loans and scholarships.



Recent history
Since 1963, the American Association of University Professors has placed Grove City under censure for violations of tenure and academic freedom. Grove City's administration has been on the AAUP's list of censured administrations longer than any other college that is currently censured. In its report, the AAUP Investigative Committee at Grove City concluded that "the absence of due process [in the dismissal of professors at Grove City] raises...doubts regarding the academic security of any persons who may hold appointment at Grove City College under existing administrative practice. These doubts are of an order of magnitude which obliges us to report them to the academic profession at large."

In 2005, Grove City founded its Center for Vision and Values, further advancing its programs in the humanities. The Center aims to educate the world about faith and freedom by giving its faculty members the opportunity to share their scholarship with a community beyond Pennsylvania. The Center for Vision & Values won a 2010 Templeton Freedom Award for Excellence in Promoting Liberty, in the category of “Special Achievement by a University-based Center.” Instituted in the fall of 2003, and named after the late philanthropist and pioneering investor – Sir John Marks Templeton – the Templeton Freedom Awards were the result of a partnership between the John Templeton Foundation and the Atlas Economic Research Foundation, which administers the prize.

In recent years, the college has engaged in many new construction projects, including an expansion to its music and arts center in 2002, a new academic building in 2003, a new student union/bookstore in 2004, and new apartment-style housing in 2006. Grove City's Student Union building was honored with the International Masonry Institute's Golden Trowel Grand Prize for excellence in masonry design and construction in 2005. On February 9, 2011 Grove City College announced that it will break ground for construction of a science, engineering and mathematics building – key components of Grove City Matters: A Campaign to Advance Grove City College, which at $90 million is the largest capital campaign in the college's history. The $37.2-million science, engineering and mathematics building is designed to support new modes of teaching, particularly flexible laboratories and small-group interactions. It will help ensure that Grove City College continues to prepare students for future careers in an increasingly competitive work force, officials said. Even more construction projects, and renovations of existing buildings are planned for the next few years.

The college acquired an observatory from Edinboro University of Pennsylvania in February 2008 that will be utilized for astronomy classes as well as faculty and student research. The observatory's telescope will be operated remotely, from the college's main campus - more than 60 mi away. The purchase of the property, three buildings and equipment inside will pave the way for the addition of an astronomy minor on campus. Through this observatory, the college's physics department plans to work with area public schools as well as other colleges and universities on educational and research projects and draw prospective students who are looking for strong physics programs and astronomy coursework.

Accreditation
Grove City offers 55 majors in the liberal arts, sciences and engineering. The college is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education, the unit of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools that accredits degree-granting colleges and universities in the Middle States region of the United States. The college's electrical and computer and mechanical engineering programs are accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc. (ABET). The Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) a United States organization of degree-granting colleges and universities, includes Grove City College among its list of accredited colleges recognized by U.S. accrediting organizations.

Rankings
Grove City has an acceptance rate around 76%. About 14% of its most recent freshman class are either high school valedictorians or salutatorians. The average GPA of entering freshmen is 3.74 unweighted and 3.98 weighted. The average ACT score of the 2011 incoming freshmen class was 28. The average SAT score of the 2011 incoming freshman class was 1269. The average SAT scores were as follows: Math–644; Critical Reading–635; Writing–not reported.

Grove City was ranked as the nation's second most politically conservative college by US News and World Report. Human Events Magazine ranks it as one of the cream of the crop in America's conservative colleges. Among all colleges, the widely-followed US News and World Report college rankings place Grove City in the first tier of liberal arts colleges. The conservative think tank Free Congress Foundation, includes Grove City among its list of top colleges that provide excellent liberal arts. For two consecutive years (2006 and 2007), The Young America's Foundation placed Grove City in its Top 10 Conservative Colleges list. The schools on this list offer coursework and scholarship in conservative thought and emphasize principles including smaller government, strong national defense, free enterprise, and traditional values. Fiske Guide to Getting Into the Right College concurs and lists Grove City among its top 10 conservative colleges. Consumers Digest Magazine's Top 100 College Values ranks Grove City College, the top value in private liberal arts schools throughout the nation in May 2011.

According to the Intercollegiate Studies Institute's 2007 publication of Choosing the Right College, the 2007 US News and World Report college guide ranks Grove City the number one "best value" among northern comprehensive colleges – the fifth year running the school has earned that distinction. The school has a total cost (including tuition, room, board, and a tablet computer) of $21,956 a year. Similarly, Barron's Educational Series has called Grove City College a "Best Buy" and USA Today ranks Grove City among the top 100 best value colleges in the nation for 2009. It has also been positively reviewed in the Intercollegiate Studies Institute's guide Choosing the Right College: The Whole Truth about America's Top Schools. Princeton Review also ranks Grove City College as among the Top 20 in career/job placement services based on satisfaction of students who graduate from the school. It is considered one of the most home school friendly colleges in the Northeast. Grove City College is also considered one of the most selective Christian colleges in the nation. Barron's Guide to the Most Competitive Colleges – 2004 also lists Grove City College as one of the 65 Most Competitive Colleges and Universities in the nation. College Data's Online College Advisor profile ranks Grove City as Most Difficult in terms of entrance requirement. Peterson's College Guide also ranks its entrance requirement as Most Difficult.

In two consecutive nationwide studies made by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI) in cooperation with researchers from the University of Connecticut's Department of Public Policy to determine the extent of civic literacy in higher education, Grove City College students ranked among the top 5 nationally in terms of knowledge of U.S. history, government, economy and international relations. The study was based on the results of a multiple-choice test given to 14,000 randomly chosen freshmen and seniors on 50 college and university campuses. In two consecutive years of ISI's study, Grove City was ranked number 4 in 2006 and number 2 in 2007, above most Ivy league universities. The school's college debating team in 2009 was ranked number 1 by the National Parliamentary Debate Association, the biggest intercollegiate debate league in the United States.

College Prowler, the largest publisher of college content in the United States, gave Grove City College an "A+" rating for the safety and security of the campus, according to its latest released rankings. Only 12 schools in the USA received the highest rating. The high grade "means that students generally feel safe, campus police are visible, blue-light phones and escort services are readily available, and safety precautions are not overly necessary," according to the College Prowler guide. The rating is a result of the recommendation of the guide’s student author, direct student feedback and other factors such as the presence and size of a police force and security staff, services provided, the area and campus crime reports, security of dormitories and the prevalence of campus theft.

Connections to think tanks
Although it is a small liberal arts college, Grove City's faculty and administrators significantly influence and impact the ideas of various think tanks around the USA especially on issues involving the environment, education, minimum wage, and anything economic and conservative. Grove City College has international ties, founded in 1955, and on the International Society for Individual Liberty (ISIL) Freedom Network.

Among them are the Shenango Institute for Public Policy, a Western Pennsylvania based non-partisan research and educational institute whose mission is to formulate and promote public policies at the local-government level based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom and responsibility, and a respect for traditional values.

The National Center for Neighborhood Enterprise an organization that seeks to provide effective community and faith-based organizations with training and technical assistance, links them to sources of support, and evaluates their experience for public policy in order to address the problems of youth violence, substance abuse, teen pregnancy, homelessness, joblessness, poor education and deteriorating neighborhoods, publicizes events held at Grove City College.

The Lone Mountain Coalition, part of the Property and Environment Research Center, which claims to be "America's oldest and largest institute dedicated to original research that brings market principles to resolving environmental problems", has ties to Grove City through Michael Coulter, Vice-President of the Shenango Institute for Public Policy, and associate professor of political science at Grove City College.

The college also has ties to the Ludwig von Mises Institute, a libertarian academic organization engaged in research and scholarship in the fields of economics, philosophy and political economy. Several members of the Mises Institute faculty are also faculty at Grove City. Jeffery Herbener is a senior fellow at the Ludwig von Mises Institute and professor of economics at Grove City College. Shawn Ritenour is an associate professor of economics at Grove City College and an adjunct professor at the Mises Institute in Auburn, Alabama.

Grove City also has ties to Michigan through Lawrence W. (Larry) Reed, president of Michigan’s Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Reed received his B.A. in Economics from Grove City in 1975. Reed is also past president of the State Policy Network. The Mackinac Center for Public Policy is a nonpartisan research and educational institution devoted to improving the quality of life for all Michigan citizens. The Center assists policy makers, business people, the media and the public by providing objective analysis of Michigan issues and by promoting sound solutions to state and local policy questions from a free market perspective.

The Academic Advisory Committee of the John Locke Foundation, a free market think tank in North Carolina, which supports the John William Pope Center for Higher Education Policy, a nonprofit institute dedicated to improving higher education in North Carolina and the nation, includes Dr. Walter E. Williams, the John M. Olin Distinguished Professor of Economics, George Mason University, holder of a Doctor of Humane Letters from Grove City College and John Moore, Former President of Grove City College, who led the College through its withdrawal from federal student loan programs, which completed the College’s break from federal ties.

News about the e-newsletter published by The Center for Vision and Values consistently gets notice outside the college. For example, the Traditional Values Coalition website links to the center's e-mail publications.

Many of the Grove City faculty are active in publishing, including in op-eds in newspapers, that promote conservative ideas.

Academics
Students are required to take general requirements courses, with science, mathematics/reasoning, and several other courses. The base of the general requirements are centered around a humanities core, with courses on Western Civilization, Art, Literature, and Biblical Revelation. Requirements for majors differ, but typically a student is also required to gain mastery in a foreign language and reach some mathematical proficiency. Many Grove City students take one to three general requirements classes in their freshman, sophomore, and sometimes junior years, along with classes for their respective major.

Many students choose Grove City explicitly for its Christian environment and traditional Humanities curriculum. A three-year required Humanities sequence focuses on the origin, development and implications of civilization’s seminal ideas and worldviews. The courses cover content that includes religion, philosophy, history and philosophy of science, literature, art and music. Because of its strong adherence to freedom and minimal government interference, Grove City College is considered to be one of America's foremost colleges that teach the ideas of the Austrian School of Economics. The post-1938 personal papers of Ludwig Von Mises, are housed in the archive of Grove City College. In addition to traditional business programs, Grove City also offers a degree in Entrepreneurship.

Each Grove City College full-time student is given a Hewlett Packard Tablet PC and printer upon arrival, which is theirs to use and keep upon graduation.

Policies and environment
When it opened, Grove City College was one of the first institutions of higher learning in the United States to admit both male and female students. The school currently maintains a one-to-one ratio of men to women, ensuring that the student body is approximately 50% men and 50% women.

Grove City College adopts a strong policy in regard to alcohol use on campus, with first time offenders receiving a one-week suspension from all activities. Legal age students are permitted to consume alcohol off campus, provided that they do not appear inebriated upon their return. Current student organizations must agree to a strong policy regarding alcohol use both on and off campus, their violation resulting in the loss of their charter.

The Princeton Review lists Grove City College as the 2nd most LGBT-unfriendly school in the United States.

Tuition
Annual cost for the 2012-2013 year is estimated to be $21,956.

Groups and organizations
GCC hosts approximately 150 Student Organizations and Activities. Among them are:
 * Orientation Board (OB) – welcomes the incoming students beginning on move-in day and throughout the year. The group also plans and holds numerous events the first week freshmen arrive on campus.
 * Student Government Association – acts as the primary communication link between the students and the administration. Members are elected by the student body.
 * Touring Choir – rehearses and performs a varying repertoire of choral music at locations throughout Western Pennsylvania and on its annual tour during Easter break.
 * Glee Club – an all male choir founded in 2008 that performs music on and off campus ranging from contemporary a capella music to hymns and worship music concluding the year with an annual concert in the spring semester.
 * Stonebridge – brings Christian artists to campus and facilitates concerts.
 * Project Okello – the group's purpose is to be an instrument of hope, healing and Christ’s love to the people of Uganda through prayer and action..

Publications and media

 * The Bridge – yearbook published in the fall.
 * The Collegian – newspaper published weekly.
 * The Echo – arts journal published in the spring and features student poetry, prose, fiction, photography and artwork.
 * The Entrepreneur – promotes free market economics through student and faculty articles.
 * The Journal of Law and Public Policy
 * The Quad – magazine published quarterly and contains the written works of students, faculty, and alumni. Features creative nonfiction, book reviews, essays, fiction, and some poetry.

WSAJ radio
Assigned its call letters in April 1920, the Grove City College radio station, WSAJ-AM, was one of the first radio stations in the country. The call-letters were predated by experimental stations at the college dating back to 1914. In 1968, WSAJ-FM was put on the air and currently broadcasts at 91.1 MHz, functioning as a learning tool for all students, but especially those in the communication and engineering majors. The 100-watt AM station, operating from a longwire antenna on 1340 kHz, was one of the few remaining stations in the U.S. to share time. It surrendered its broadcast license in 2006. The 1,600-watt FM signal covers a 30-mile radius in Western Pennsylvania. The station broadcasts fine arts programming, college football and basketball games. It also airs community events and high school sports. Students host weekly music shows during the evening hours when school is in session.

Fraternities, sororities, and housing groups
Fraternities and sororities live on campus, in pre-selected upperclassman halls. Grove City's fraternities and sororities are not affiliated with any national groups. Over the years, many sororities and one fraternity, Chi Delta Epsilon, have permanently died out. The most recent sorority to become defunct was the short-lived Delta Chi Omega, which was founded in 1980 and lasted approximately one decade. Some fraternities and sororities have died out (meaning all their active members graduated or left the college) and been reinstituted via block classes.

Both fraternities and sororities are overseen by governing bodies. The fraternities each send delegates to weekly meetings of the Interfraternity Council. The sororities' counterpart organization, the Pan-Hellenic Council, also meets each week. In the spring, the two councils hold joint meetings to plan the annual Greek Games. The Greek Games, a multi-day event which involved such activities as water balloon tossing and egg dropping, have declined in notoriety at Grove City College along with the size of Greek organizations; until the 1990s they were well-known on campus, with the majority of the student body either participating or spectating.

Fraternities

 * Adelphikos (Adels)
 * Beta Sigma (Betas)
 * Delta Iota Kappa (Deeks)
 * Epsilon Pi (Pis)
 * Omicron Xi (Okies)
 * Pan Sophic (Pans)
 * Kappa Alpha Phi (Kaps)
 * Sigma Alpha Sigma (Sigs)
 * Phi Tau Alpha (Phi Taus)
 * Nu Lambda Phi (Nu Lambs)

Sororities

 * Alpha Beta Tau (ABTs)
 * Gamma Chi (Gamma Chis)
 * Gamma Sigma Phi (Gamma Sigs)
 * Phi Sigma Chi (Phi Sigs)
 * Sigma Delta Phi (D' Phis)
 * Sigma Theta Chi (Sig Thets)
 * Theta Alpha Pi (Thetas)
 * Zeta Zeta Zeta (Zetas)

Housing groups

 * Alpha Epsilon Chi (AEX)
 * Alpha Sigma (Alpha Sigs)
 * Alpha Omega (AOs)
 * Delta Rho Sigma (Buffaloes)
 * Nu Delta Epsilon (Nu Dels)
 * Phi Omega Sigma (Possums)
 * Rho Rho Rho (Rhos)
 * Sigma Phi Omicron (Crons)
 * Zeta Xi Omega (Zenoids)

Athletics
Grove City College, known athletically as the Wolverines, competes in the Presidents' Athletic Conference of NCAA Division III. On the varsity level, Grove City College has basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, cheerleading, swimming, tennis, and track teams for both men and women. Baseball and football are varsity sports available to men only, while softball, and water polo are varsity sports offered to women only.

Grove City also offers a number of club sports to men and women including but not limited to lacrosse, rugby, ultimate, and volleyball for men and field hockey, and rugby for women. These teams have been very successful, most notably the men's club volleyball team, which has finished in the top 10 in the country each of the last two years, and the men's lacrosse team, which finished in the top 10 in the country last year. Both men's volleyball and lacrosse were invited to compete at their respective national championship tournaments.

Intramural sports for men are as follows: basketball, bowling, dodgeball, football, soccer, softball, table tennis, tennis, ultimate, and volleyball. Women have badminton, basketball, bowling, flag football, indoor soccer, kickball, racquetball, ultimate, and volleyball.

Grove City has several teams with remarkable PAC Championship records. Grove City's women's tennis team has won 25 consecutive PAC championships from 1987 up to the present and the men's tennis team has won 22 consecutive PAC championships from 1991 through the present. In addition, the women's cross country team has won 23 consecutive PAC championships (1989–present). The men's swim team also has 5 consecutive PAC championships, 2007–present, while the women have 4 consecutive PAC championships, 2008–present. Also notable is the overall swim team record of 61 consecutive winning seasons, from 1952–present.



Notable alumni

 * Hon. James G. Arner, current President Judge of Pennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas, Clarion County, Pennsylvania
 * David M. Bailey – guitarist, singer-songwriter
 * R.J. Bowers – NFL football player, College Football's all-time rushing leader  until October 2007.
 * Scott Bullock – senior attorney and founding member of Institute For Justice
 * Bill Deasy – singer-songwriter, author of the novel 'Ransom Seaborn' (Winner of the 2006 Needle Award for best novel). Former lead singer of the popular Pittsburgh-area band 'The Gathering Field'
 * Scott Hahn      – author, Roman Catholic theologian and apologist. Professor of Theology at the Franciscan University of Steubenville
 * Matt Kibbe – president and CEO of FreedomWorks
 * Brian Leftow – theistic and analytic philosopher. Holder of the Nolloth Chair in the Philosophy of Religion, Oriel College, Oxford University. Author of Time and Eternity (1991) and over fifty papers in philosophy of religion, metaphysics, and the history of medieval philosophy.
 * Paul McNulty – former U.S. Deputy Attorney General
 * Joseph Howard Pew – founder and former president of Sun Oil Company
 * Lawrence Reed president of the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE)
 * Sean W. Rowe – Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Northwestern PA
 * Spike Shannon – former professional baseball player who played with the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants and Pittsburgh Pirates. The National League leader in runs scored in 1907 with the New York Giants (now the San Francisco Giants)
 * R. C. Sproul, Jr. – Calvinist Christian minister and theologian
 * Harold Willis Dodds – 15th president of Princeton University
 * Howard Winklevoss actuary and academic

Notable professors

 * Peter Boettke – professor of economics at George Mason University and editor of the Review of Austrian Economics
 * Paul Bonicelli – former Deputy Director of the USAID and provost of Houston Baptist University
 * Guillermo Gonzalez – astrophysicist, proponent of Intelligent Design
 * Joshua F. Drake – musicologist and hymnist
 * Richard G. Jewell – current president of Grove City College and former Pittsburgh director of Navigant Consulting Inc.
 * Paul Kengor – author, executive director of Grove City College's Center for Vision and Values
 * Hans Sennholz – economist, proponent of the Austrian school of economics, student of Ludwig von Mises
 * Warren Throckmorton – professor of psychology with body of work in conversion therapy
 * Walter E. Williams – author, professor and former Chairman of Economics at George Mason University

Past presidents

 * Isaac Conrad Ketler (1876–1913)
 * Alexander T. Ormond (1913–1915)
 * Weir Carlyle Ketler (1916–1956)
 * John Stanley Harker (1956–1971)
 * Charles Sherrard Mackenzie (1971–1991)
 * Jerry H. Combee (1991–1995)
 * John H. Moore (1996–2003)
 * Dick Jewell J.D. (2004–present)