Montreal Canadiens

The Montreal Canadiens (Les Canadiens de Montréal) is a professional ice hockey team based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. They are members of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The club's official name is le Club de hockey Canadien. French nicknames for the team include Les Canadiens (or Le Canadien), Le Bleu-Blanc-Rouge, La Sainte-Flanelle, Le Tricolore, Les Glorieux (or Nos Glorieux), Les Habitants, Le CH and Le Grand Club. The team's main English nickname is the Habs, an abbreviation of "Les Habitants".

Founded in 1909, the Canadiens are the longest continuously operating professional ice hockey team and the only existing NHL club to predate the founding of the NHL. One of the oldest North American professional sports franchises, the Canadiens' history predates that of every other Canadian franchise outside of football as well as every American franchise outside of baseball. The franchise is one of the "Original Six" teams, a description used for the teams that made up the NHL from 1942 until the 1967 expansion. The team's championship season in 1992–93 was the last time a Canadian team won the Stanley Cup.

The Canadiens have won the Stanley Cup more times than any other franchise. They have won 24 championships, 22 of them since 1927, when NHL teams became the only ones to compete for the Stanley Cup. On a percentage basis, as of 2014, the franchise has won 25.3% of all Stanley Cup championships contested after the Challenge Cup era, making it the second most successful professional sports team of the traditional four major sports of Canada and the United States, behind only the Boston Celtics.

Since 1996, the Canadiens play their home games at the Bell Centre, originally the Molson Centre. The team previously played at the Montreal Forum which housed the team for seven decades and all but their first two Stanley Cup championships.

History
The Canadiens were founded by J. Ambrose O'Brien on December 4, 1909, as a charter member of the National Hockey Association, the forerunner to the National Hockey League. It was to be the team of the francophone community in Montreal, composed of francophone players, and under francophone ownership as soon as possible. The team's first season was not a success, as they placed last. After the first year, ownership was transferred to George Kennedy of Montreal and the team's fortunes improved over the next seasons. The team won its first Stanley Cup championship in the 1915–16 season. In 1917, with four other NHA teams, the Canadiens formed the NHL, and they won their first NHL Stanley Cup during the 1923–24 season, led by Howie Morenz. The team moved from the Mount Royal Arena to the Montreal Forum for the 1926–27 season.

In the 1930s, the club started the decade successfully with Stanley Cup wins in 1930 and 1931. However, the club and its then Montreal rival, the Montreal Maroons, declined both on the ice and economically during the Depression. Losses grew to the point where the team owners considering selling the team to Cleveland, Ohio interests. However, local investors were found and instead it was the Maroons that suspended operations, and several of the Maroons players moved to the Canadiens.

Led by the "Punch Line" of Maurice "Rocket" Richard, Toe Blake and Elmer Lach in the 1940s, the Canadiens enjoyed success again atop the NHL. From 1953 to 1960, the franchise won six Stanley Cups, including a record five straight from 1956 to 1960, with a new set of stars coming to prominence: Jean Beliveau, Dickie Moore, Doug Harvey, Bernie "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, Jacques Plante, and Richard's younger brother, Henri.

The Canadiens added ten more championships in fifteen seasons from 1965 to 1979, with another dynastic run of four straight Cups from 1976 to 1979. In the 1976–77 season, the Canadiens set a modern-day record for fewest losses by only losing eight games in an 80-game season. The next season 1977-78, they had a 28-game unbeaten streak, the second-longest in NHL history. The next generation of stars included Guy Lafleur, Yvan Cournoyer, Ken Dryden, Pete Mahovlich, Jacques Lemaire, Pierre Larouche, Steve Shutt, Bob Gainey, Serge Savard, Guy Lapointe and Larry Robinson. Scotty Bowman, who would later set a record for most NHL victories by a coach, was the team's head coach for its last five Stanley Cup victories in the 1970s.

The Canadiens won Stanley Cups in 1986, led by rookie star goaltender Patrick Roy, and in 1993, continuing their streak of winning at least one championship in every decade from the 1910s to the 1990s (this streak ended in the 2000s). In 1996, the Habs moved from the Montreal Forum, their home during 70 seasons and 22 Stanley Cups, to the Molson Centre (now the Bell Centre).

On December 29, 2008 the Canadiens defeated the Florida Panthers by a score of 5–2, becoming the first team in NHL history to reach 3,000 victories.



Centennial celebrations
The Montreal Canadiens retired various uniform numbers as part of its leadup to its celebrations during the 2008–09 and 2009–10 seasons. As part of the scheduled events for 2009, Montreal hosted the 2009 NHL All-Star Game, and the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.

Pour toujours, les Canadiens! is a 2009 Quebec feature film about the centennial celebrations, written by Jacques Savoie and directed by Sylvain Archambault. The film debuted in theatres on December 4, 2009, the Canadiens' centennial.

Logo and jersey design
One of sport's oldest and most recognizable logos, the classic 'C' and 'H' of the Montreal Canadiens was first used together in the 1917–18 season, when the club changed its name to "Club de hockey Canadien" from Club athlétique Canadien, before evolving to its current form in 1952–53. The "H" stands for "hockey", not "Habs" or "Habitants", a popular misconception. According to NHL.com, the first man to refer to the team as "the Habs" was American Tex Rickard, owner of the Madison Square Garden, in 1924. Rickard apparently told a reporter that the "H" on the Canadiens' sweaters was for "Habitants".

The current team colours are red, blue and white. These colours have been used in combination since 1914. The Canadiens' colours are an important part of French Canadian culture. In the short story "The Hockey Sweater", Roch Carrier described the influence of the Canadiens and their jersey within rural Quebec communities during the 1940s. The story was later made into an animated short, The Sweater, narrated by Carrier. A passage from the short story appears on the 2002 issue of the Canadian five dollar bill. The home sweater is predominantly red in colour. There are four blue and white stripes, one across each arm, one across the chest and the other across the waistline. The main road sweater is mainly white with a red and blue stripe across the waist, red at the end of both arm sleeves red shoulder yokes. The basic design has been in use since 1914, with the current version dating from 1952. Because of the team's lengthy history and significance in Quebec, the sweater has been referred to as 'La Sainte-Flanelle' (the holy flannel sweater).

The Canadiens used multiple designs prior to adopting the aforementioned design in 1914. The original shirt of the 1909-1910 season was blue with a white C. The second season had a red shirt featuring a green maple leaf with the C logo, and green pants. Lastly, the season before adopting the current look the Canadiens wore a "barber pole" design jersey with red, white and blue stripes, and the logo being a white maple leaf reading "CAC", Club Athlétique Canadien. All three designs were worn during the 2009-10 season as part of the Canadiens centennary.

Motto
Nos bras meurtris vous tendent le flambeau, à vous toujours de le porter bien haut.

''To you from failing hands we throw the torch. Be yours to hold it high.''

The motto is from the poem "In Flanders Fields" by John McCrae which was written in 1915, the year the Canadiens won their first Stanley Cup championship. The motto appears on the wall of the Canadiens dressing room, originally at the Montreal Forum and currently at the Bell Centre.

Mascot
Beginning in the 2004–05 NHL season, the Canadiens adopted Youppi as their official mascot, the first costumed mascot in their long history. Youppi was the longtime mascot for the Montreal Expos baseball team, but was dropped from the franchise when they moved to Washington, D.C. in 2004 and became the Washington Nationals. With the switch, Youppi became the first mascot in professional sports to switch leagues.

Broadcasting
Montreal Canadiens games are broadcast locally in both the French and English languages. On radio, Canadiens games are broadcast in French by CHMP 98.5, and in English by CKGM, TSN Radio 690, who acquired the English broadcast rights under a 7-year deal which began in the 2011-12 season.

Regional television rights in French are currently held by Réseau des sports under a 12-year deal, effective as of the 2014-15 NHL season. A sister to the English-language network TSN, RDS was the only French-language sports channel in Canada until the 2011 launch of TVA Sports. Prior to 2014, the team's deal with RDS also included national French-language rights to the NHL, which allowed the network to air non-Habs games and the playoffs. In November 2013, Rogers Communications announced a 12-year, $5.2 billion deal to acquire exclusive national rights to the NHL as a whole; Rogers sub-licensed French-language rights to Quebecor Media and TVA Sports in a $1.5 billion deal of its own. RDS parent company Bell Media subsequently announced an extension of its relationship, which sees RDS continue to broadcast Canadiens games not shown on TVA on a regional basis; games are now subject to blackout outside of the Canadiens' home market of Quebec, Atlantic Canada and parts of Ontario. 22 Canadiens games per season will be televised nationally by TVA Sports, primarily through its Saturday night La super soirée LNH.

Regional television rights in English are held by Sportsnet East in a 3-year deal announced by Rogers on September 2, 2014. Three games will be broadcast regionally by CJNT City Montreal, and the remaining games will be aired nationally through Rogers' aforementioned NHL rights deal (which will include additional games on Sportsnet and City, along with CBC Television through the revamped Hockey Night in Canada), thus giving Rogers control over all English-language telecasts of the Canadiens. TSN previously held regional, English-language television rights to the Canadiens from 2010 through 2014. They were broadcast on a part-time TSN feed with Dave Randorf on play-by-play; these rights were not renewed by Bell Media past the 2013-14 season. Sportsnet's games are called by John Bartlett and Jason York.

Season by season results
''This is a list of the last five seasons completed by the Canadiens. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Montreal Canadiens seasons.''

Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes

Franchise scoring leaders
These are the top-ten point-scorers in franchise history. Figures are updated after each completed NHL regular season.

''Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games Played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game

Sources: ,

Records – skaters

 * Career
 * Most seasons: 20, Henri Richard
 * Most games: 1256, Henri Richard
 * Most goals: 544, Maurice Richard
 * Most assists: 728, Guy Lafleur
 * Most points: 1246 (518G, 728A), Guy Lafleur
 * Most penalty minutes: 2248, Chris Nilan
 * Most consecutive games played: 560, Doug Jarvis


 * Season
 * Most goals in a season: 60, Steve Shutt (1976–77); Guy Lafleur (1977–78)
 * Most powerplay goals in a season: 20, Yvan Cournoyer (1966–67)
 * Most powerplay goals in a season, defenceman: 19, Sheldon Souray (2006–07) *
 * Most assists in a season: 82, Pete Mahovlich (1974–75)
 * Most points in a season: 136, Guy Lafleur (1976–77)
 * Most penalty minutes in a season: 358, Chris Nilan (1984–85)
 * Most points in a season, defenceman: 85, Larry Robinson (1976–77)
 * Most points in a season, rookie: 71, Mats Naslund (1982–83); Kjell Dahlin (1985–86)
 * Most goals in a season, defenceman: 28, Guy Lapointe (1974–75)

* Indicates a league record.

Source:

Records – goaltenders

 * Career
 * Most games played: 556, Jacques Plante
 * Most shutouts: 75, George Hainsworth
 * Most wins: 314, Jacques Plante


 * Season
 * Most games in a season: 72, Carey Price (2010–11)
 * Most wins in a season: 42, Jacques Plante (1955–56 & 1961–62); Ken Dryden (1975–76)
 * Most shutouts in a season: 22, George Hainsworth (1928–29)*

* Indicates a league record.

Source:

Team captains

 * Jack Laviolette, 1909–10
 * Newsy Lalonde, 1910–11
 * Jack Laviolette, 1911–12
 * Newsy Lalonde, 1912–13
 * Jimmy Gardner, 1913–15
 * Howard McNamara, 1915–16
 * Newsy Lalonde, 1916–22
 * Sprague Cleghorn, 1922–25
 * Billy Coutu, 1925–26
 * Sylvio Mantha, 1926–32
 * George Hainsworth, 1932–33
 * Sylvio Mantha, 1933–36
 * Albert "Babe" Siebert, 1936–39
 * Walter Buswell, 1939–40
 * Toe Blake, 1940–48
 * Bill Durnan, 1948 (January–April)
 * Emile Bouchard, 1948–56
 * Maurice Richard, 1956–60
 * Doug Harvey, 1960–61
 * Jean Beliveau, 1961–71
 * Henri Richard, 1971–75
 * Yvan Cournoyer, 1975–79
 * Serge Savard, 1979–81
 * Bob Gainey, 1981–89
 * Guy Carbonneau and Chris Chelios, 1989–90 (co-captains)
 * Guy Carbonneau, 1990–94
 * Kirk Muller, 1994–95
 * Mike Keane, 1995 (April–December)
 * Pierre Turgeon, 1995–96
 * Vincent Damphousse, 1996–99
 * Saku Koivu, 1999–2009
 * Brian Gionta, 2010–14

Head coaches

 * Joseph Cattarinich and Jack Laviolette, 1909–1910
 * Adolphe Lecours, 1911
 * Napoleon Dorval, 1911–1913
 * Jimmy Gardner, 1913–1915
 * Newsy Lalonde, 1915–1921
 * Leo Dandurand, 1921–26
 * Cecil Hart, 1926–32
 * Newsy Lalonde, 1932–34
 * Newsy Lalonde and Leo Dandurand, 1934–35
 * Sylvio Mantha, 1935–36
 * Cecil Hart, 1936–38
 * Cecil Hart and Jules Dugal, 1938–39
 * Albert "Babe" Siebert, 1939
 * Alfred "Pit" Lepine, 1939–40
 * Dick Irvin, 1940–55
 * Hector "Toe" Blake, 1955–68
 * Claude Ruel, 1968–70
 * Al MacNeil, 1970–71
 * Scotty Bowman, 1971–79
 * Bernie Geoffrion, 1979
 * Claude Ruel, 1979–81
 * Bob Berry, 1981–84
 * Jacques Lemaire, 1984–85
 * Jean Perron, 1985–88
 * Pat Burns, 1988–92
 * Jacques Demers, 1992–95
 * Mario Tremblay, 1995–97
 * Alain Vigneault, 1997–00
 * Michel Therrien, 2000–03
 * Claude Julien, 2003–06
 * Bob Gainey, 2006 (January–May) (interim)
 * Guy Carbonneau, 2006–09
 * Bob Gainey, 2009 (March–June) (interim)
 * Jacques Martin, 2009–11
 * Randy Cunneyworth, 2011–12 (interim)
 * Michel Therrien, 2012– present

Source:

Retired numbers
The Canadiens have retired fifteen numbers in honour of eighteen players, the most of any team in the National Hockey League, and the third highest total of any of the four major professional sports leagues of the United States and Canada. All of the honourees were born in Canada. Howie Morenz was the first honouree on November 2, 1937.

Hockey Hall of Fame
Sixty-two people associated with the Canadiens have been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Thirty-six of these players are from three separate notable dynasties: 12 from 1955–1960, 11 from 1964–1969 and 13 from 1975–1979. Howie Morenz and Georges Vezina were the first Canadiens given the honour in 1945, while Chris Chelios was the most recently inducted, in 2013.

The following are members of the Hockey Hall of Fame in the Builders category. The first inductee was Vice President William Northy in 1945. The most recent inductee was coach Pat Burns in 2014.